Nursing has a code of ethics that registered nurses follow and:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nursing's code of ethics, like the ANA's, defines principles autonomy, beneficence, justice, nonmaleficence guiding how nurses deliver care. It shapes professional conduct, ensuring respect for patient rights, dignity, and needs (e.g., informed consent). Improving self-health care applies to nurses personally but isn't the code's focus, which prioritizes clients. Ensuring identical care misinterprets ethics; it promotes fairness, not uniformity, as care varies by patient. Protecting clients from harm is an outcome of ethical practice (nonmaleficence), but the code's broader purpose is defining care principles, not just safety. These principles provide a moral framework, enabling nurses to navigate complex decisions, uphold trust, and maintain professionalism, making this the most comprehensive description of the code's role.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Neuman's Systems Model emphasizes strengthening lines of defense. For a client with breathing difficulty, secondary prevention intervening after symptoms (e.g., oxygen, medication) bolsters the flexible line of defense, reducing stressor impact (e.g., hypoxia) and restoring stability. Self-care goals align with Orem, not Neuman biological focus is narrower. Physiological adaptation fits Roy's model, not Neuman's defense focus. Henderson's 14 needs are unrelated; Neuman prioritizes system integrity. Secondary prevention targets active issues, aligning with Neuman's framework, making this the nurse's approach in this theory-driven care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: PRN (pro re nata) means 'when necessary' in Latin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Z-track technique prevents medication leakage into subcutaneous tissue.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A slight elevation post-NPO likely reflects dehydration, not infection or anxiety.