ATI LPN
Perioperative Care Fundamentals Practice Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Nosocomial infection implies infection acquired
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nosocomial infections, also called hospital-acquired infections, are those contracted by patients during their stay in a healthcare facility, typically after admission. 'During the course of hospitalization,' is correct because it matches this definition, as outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO), where infections emerge 48 hours or more after admission, often from hospital pathogens like MRSA. 'While conveying patient to the hospital,' refers to pre-admission exposure, not nosocomial. 'From very close relations,' suggests community-acquired infection, not hospital-specific. 'From a patient's residence,' also points to pre-hospital sources. The term nosocomial' derives from Greek words meaning hospital-related disease, emphasizing infections tied to healthcare settings, making A the precise answer, rooted in clinical epidemiology's focus on hospital environments.
Question 2 of 5
Mr. Kaka has been admitted into theatre for surgery. The Nurse discovered during assessment that the patient does not understand the risks associated with the surgery he is about to undergo. The Nurse should
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a patient lacks understanding of surgical risks, the nurse's role is to ensure informed consent, a cornerstone of autonomy. 'Explain the risks of the procedure to the patient,' is correct because it addresses the knowledge gap directly, aligning with the ANA Code of Ethics and patient advocacy. 'Make Mr. Kaka sign the consent form,' violates informed consent if he's uninformed. 'Reschedule the surgery for the next day,' delays care without solving the issue. 'Notify the Doctor,' is appropriate but secondary; the nurse can first educate, as physicians typically explain risks, yet nurses reinforce understanding. Explaining risks empowers Mr. Kaka to make an informed decision, making B the best immediate action, rooted in nursing's educational duty.
Question 3 of 5
The movement of drugs in the body including the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion is known as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics studies how the body handles drugs—absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). 'Pharmacokinetic,' is correct, aligning with this definition (e.g., Rowland & Tozer's Clinical Pharmacokinetics). 'Pharmacodynamic,' focuses on drug effects on the body, not movement. 'Pharmacotherapeutic,' relates to treatment outcomes, not processes. 'Pharmacognosy,' studies drug origins, not kinetics. Pharmacokinetics' emphasis on ADME processes—tracking a drug's journey—makes B the precise answer, foundational in drug development and dosing.
Question 4 of 5
A research problem can emanate from the following except
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Research problems arise from unresolved issues needing investigation. 'Resolved issues,' is correct as the exception because they lack the uncertainty or need for study that defines a research problem, per research methodology (e.g., Creswell). 'Recurring problems,' prompts research to find solutions. 'Gaps in the body of knowledge,' drives inquiry into unknowns. 'Personal experiences,' can inspire research questions. Resolved issues, already addressed, don't require further exploration, making D the accurate exclusion, reflecting research's focus on open questions.
Question 5 of 5
The list of the entities in the population is referred to as
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sample frame is the list of all population entities from which a sample is drawn. 'Sample frame,' is correct, as per statistical methodology (e.g., Cochran), providing the sampling base (e.g., a hospital staff list). 'Sampling unit,' is an individual element. 'Sampling fraction,' is the sample-to-population ratio. 'Sample size,' is the number sampled. The frame's role as the master list ensures representativeness, making A the precise answer.