Nephrons are characterized by

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Question 1 of 5

Nephrons are characterized by:

A. Microscopic functional units that form urine by filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. B. Pus in the urine. C. Protein in the urine. D. The act of eliminating from the bladder.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nephrons are the kidney's functional units for urine production.

Question 2 of 5

How does the descending limb of the loop of Henle differ from the ascending limb?

A. the descending limb is impermeable to water but permeable to sodium chloride. B. the ascending limb is permeable to water but impermeable to sodium chloride. C. the descending limb is permeable to water but impermeable to sodium chloride. D. the ascending limb is permeable to both water and to sodium chloride.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Descending limb allows water out, not solutes; ascending is opposite.

Question 3 of 5

By what name is the condition where nitrogenous wastes accumulate in the blood known?

A. anuria B. uremia C. polyuria D. oliguria

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Uremia is nitrogenous waste buildup in blood.

Question 4 of 5

Filtrate passes through each of the structures of the renal tubule listed below. Which list has the structures in the correct order?

A. proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb, ascending limb, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct. B. Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, ascending limb, distal convoluted tubule, descending limb. C. collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb, ascending limb, distal convoluted tubule. D. proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, descending limb, ascending limb, collecting duct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Filtrate flows PCT, loop (descending then ascending), DCT, collecting duct.

Question 5 of 5

If aldosterone is present in the blood, what happens in the distal convoluted tubule?

A. sodium ions are reabsorbed from the filtrate. B. calcium ions are reabsorbed from the filtrate. C. sodium ions are secreted into the filtrate. D. bicarbonate ions are reabsorbed from the filtrate.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption in DCT.

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Nephrons are characterized by:

Nurselytic

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Urinary System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers PDF Questions

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