Mr. Searle has been in bed for several days and is getting up for the first time. Before he gets up, he will be helped to sit on the side of the bed and dangle his feet for a few minutes. The main reason for this is to:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: After prolonged bed rest, Mr. Searle's body may experience orthostatic hypotension a drop in blood pressure upon standing due to reduced circulation and fluid shifts. Dangling his feet allows gradual adjustment as blood flow redistributes, minimizing dizziness or fainting, a common risk noted in care protocols for immobile patients. Putting on robe and slippers is secondary and doesn't address physiological needs. Reducing fear may occur but isn't the primary intent, as safety trumps emotional comfort here. Preparing a chair and pillow is logistical, not the main clinical reason. Preventing dizziness or fainting aligns with safe mobility practices, ensuring Mr. Searle's stability, making it the correct and most critical reason.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Flat bones , like the skull, ribs, and sternum, protect organs brain, heart, and lungs due to their broad, thin shape. Long bones , like the femur, support movement and weight. Short bones , like carpals, aid flexibility. Irregular bones , like vertebrae, have mixed roles but aren't primarily protective shields. Skeletal system basics, taught in PSW courses, highlight flat bones' protective design, critical for understanding injury risks, making 'Flat bone' the correct type for organ protection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: PSWs assist with hygiene but have scope limits. Cutting a diabetic's toenails is risky due to poor circulation and infection potential, reserved for podiatrists. Washing hair , back massages , and perineal care are routine PSW tasks, promoting cleanliness and comfort. Diabetic foot care requires specialized training beyond PSW authority, per healthcare regulations, making 'Cut a diabetic person's toenails' the correct exception to their duties.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failure to self-provide due to inattention or dissipation fits self-neglect , where one neglects personal needs, like hygiene. Self-care deficits describe inability to perform care tasks, often linked to neglect. Difficulty with ADLs reflects functional challenges contributing to neglect. 'All of the above' encompasses these overlapping concepts, as PSW training recognizes them as interrelated in elderly or impaired clients, making it the correct, holistic answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Anemia, often iron-deficiency, causes paleness and fatigue due to low hemoglobin, reliant on iron . Water affects hydration, not blood directly. Sodium balances fluids, not red cells. Calcium strengthens bones, not oxygen transport. PSWs recognize iron's role in energy, per nutritional care, and its deficiency aligns with anemia symptoms, making 'Iron' the correct mineral.