ATI LPN
Respiratory System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Most oxygen in the blood is transported
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Most oxygen (~98%) is transported as oxyhemoglobin, bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells, each molecule carrying four Oâ‚‚ vastly more than dissolved in plasma (~2%, ~0.3 mL/100 mL). Carboxyhemoglobin forms with carbon monoxide, not Oâ‚‚ transport. Bicarbonate (HCO₃â») carries COâ‚‚, not Oâ‚‚. Oxyhemoglobin's high capacity, shifting with POâ‚‚ (oxygen-hemoglobin curve), ensures efficient Oâ‚‚ delivery to tissues, key in oxygen transport physiology, critical in anemia or hypoxia where binding capacity or Oâ‚‚ levels drop, impacting cellular supply.
Question 2 of 5
A client has been taking flunisolide (Aerobid), two inhalations a day, for treatment of asthma. He tells the nurse that he has painful, white patches in his mouth. Which response by the nurse would be the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: White, painful oral patches in a client using flunisolide (Aerobid), an inhaled corticosteroid, suggest a fungal infection (oral candidiasis) common from steroid deposition suppressing local immunity. Response C correctly identifies this and proposes antifungal treatment (e.g., nystatin), addressing the cause. It's not a normal side effect to ignore (A) it won't resolve spontaneously. Overuse (B) isn't indicated; two puffs daily is standard. Oral hygiene (D) helps prevention, not treatment of established infection rinsing post-inhalation is key. This response guides therapy, critical in nursing to manage steroid side effects and ensure asthma control continues unimpeded.
Question 3 of 5
A 12-year-old girl has a 7-year history of coughing and wheezing and repeated attacks of difficulty breathing. The attacks are particularly common in spring. During an episode of acute respiratory difficulty, a physical examination shows that she is afebrile. Her lungs are hyperresonant on percussion, and a chest radiograph shows increased lucency of all lung fields. Laboratory tests show an elevated serum IgE level and peripheral blood eosinophilia. A sputum sample examined microscopically also has increased numbers of eosinophils. Which of the following histologic features is most likely to characterize the lung in her condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Airway remodeling with smooth muscle hyperplasia (D) defines atopic asthma in this girl (Page 28, Ans: E). Spring attacks, high IgE, and eosinophils signal type I hypersensitivity TH2-driven inflammation . Repeated episodes thicken bronchial walls (50% muscle increase), causing wheezing. Bronchiole dilation (A) is emphysema. Bronchial destruction (B) is bronchiectasis. Edema (C) fits ARDS. D's chronic change unlike A's irreversible loss explains reversible obstruction, per document.
Question 4 of 5
Obstructive airway defect is characterized on pulmonary function testing by which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
The most important risk factor for chronic bronchitis:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.