Most common cause of short stature in children is

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

Most common cause of short stature in children is:

A. Growth hormone deficiency B. Turner syndrome C. Constitutional delay D. Hypothyroidism

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Constitutional delay is the most common cause of short stature, per AAP (doc p151, Q602).

A 4-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and bloody stools. Ultrasound shows intussusception. The next step is:

A. Surgery B. Antibiotics C. Air enema D. Observation

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Air enema reduces intussusception, per AAP. A, B, D, E are secondary.

A 3-month-old infant presents with tachypnea and poor feeding. Chest x-ray shows dextrocardia. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Pneumonia B. Tetralogy of Fallot C. Dextrocardia with situs inversus D. Cystic fibrosis

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Dextrocardia with situs inversus fits isolated dextrocardia, per AAP. A, B, D, E differ.

A 3-year-old girl presents with stridor and a barking cough. X-ray shows a steeple sign. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Epiglottitis B. Croup C. Bronchiolitis D. Foreign body aspiration

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Croup features barking cough and steeple sign, per AAP. A, C-E differ.

A 5-month-old infant presents with hypotonia and poor head control. EMG shows fasciculations. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Cerebral palsy B. Spinal muscular atrophy C. Myasthenia gravis D. Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: SMA features hypotonia and fasciculations, per NORD. A, C-E differ.

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