ATI LPN
Pediatric Gi Disorders Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
Most common cause of metabolic acidosis in children is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diarrhea is the most common cause of metabolic acidosis in kids via bicarbonate loss (AAP). A-D are less frequent.
Question 2 of 9
Inhaled glucocorticoid therapy can cause dysphonia in patients with asthma. The cause of dysphonia is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vocal cord myopathy from inhaled glucocorticoids causes dysphonia via local steroid effects on laryngeal muscles (ATS). Fungal infection causes thrush, and C-E are unrelated.
Question 3 of 9
Doctor orders: Mycostatin oral suspension 500,000 units swish/swallow for child with oral candidiasis. Available is Mycostatin 100,000 units/ml. How many teaspoons will you give?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Calculate the volume in ml: 500,000 units ÷ 100,000 units/ml = 5 ml. Convert ml to teaspoons (1 teaspoon = 5 ml): 5 ml ÷ 5 ml/teaspoon = 1 teaspoon.
Question 4 of 9
A 5-year-old boy presents with fever and a petechial rash. Labs show thrombocytopenia and elevated D-dimer. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: DIC fits petechiae and elevated D-dimer, per ISTH. A, B, D, E differ.
Question 5 of 9
What is the most helpful in preventing premature birth?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adequate prenatal care C reduces preterm birth risk through monitoring and intervention, per document 1.
Question 6 of 9
The priority nursing action for a child with a head injury is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stabilizing neck *E* prevents spinal injury, per document p30, 2.
Question 7 of 9
Most common cause of precocious puberty in boys is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenal tumor is the most common cause of precocious puberty in boys, per AAP (doc p148, Q563).
Question 8 of 9
A 3-year-old has been having mild diarrhea for seven days. The nurse advises the parent to modify the child's diet by using which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pedialyte (C) replaces fluids and electrolytes lost in diarrhea. BRAT diet (A) is outdated, juice/carbonation (B) worsen diarrhea, and soup (D) lacks balanced electrolytes. Document: 'An oral rehydrating solution is recommended to replace fluids and electrolytes.'
Question 9 of 9
A 1-month-old infant presents with projectile vomiting. Physical exam reveals an olive-shaped mass in the epigastrium. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis presents with projectile vomiting and a palpable mass, per AAP. A, C-E have different features.