Most common cause of ambiguous genitalia in a newb

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ATI LPN Test Bank

Most common cause of ambiguous genitalia in a newborn girl is:

A. Turner syndrome B. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia C. Androgen insensitivity syndrome D. Klinefelter syndrome

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is the most common cause of ambiguous genitalia in XX females, per AAP (doc p148, Q556).

A 6-year-old boy appears with fatigue, weight loss, and hyperpigmentation. Labs reveal hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Hypothyroidism B. Addison disease C. Cushing syndrome D. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Addison disease fits fatigue, hyperpigmentation, and electrolyte abnormalities, per AAP (doc p150, Q588).

Best diagnostic test for growth hormone deficiency is:

A. Serum IGF-1 B. GH stimulation test C. Bone age x-ray D. Serum GH

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: GH stimulation test confirms GHD, per AAP (doc p151, Q604).

A 2-year-old girl presents with fever and a seizure. Exam shows a bulging fontanelle. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Febrile seizure B. Meningitis C. Epilepsy D. Brain tumor

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Meningitis features fever, seizure, and bulging fontanelle, per AAP. A, C-E differ.

A 5-year-old boy presents with hematuria and hypertension. Ultrasound shows a renal mass. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Nephrotic syndrome B. Wilms tumor C. Polycystic kidney disease D. Renal vein thrombosis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Wilms tumor presents with hematuria, hypertension, and a renal mass, per NCI. A, C-E differ.

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