ATI LPN
Introduction of Respiratory System NCLEX Questions PN Questions
Question 1 of 5
Match the following: 682. Asparaginase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asparaginase, an enzyme, causes protein synthesis defects, hepatitis, pancreatitis (B) depletes asparagine, stressing liver, pancreas (e.g., amylase >200 U/L). Myelosuppression (A) is methotrexate. Neuropathy (C) is vincristine. Cystitis (D) is cytoxan. Psychosis is prednisone. Asparaginase's metabolic impact is key in nursing for monitoring coagulation and pancreatic function.
Question 2 of 5
Of the following hypersplenism is best described as splenomegaly plus:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypersplenism is splenomegaly plus pancytopenia, hyperplastic marrow (B) spleen sequesters RBCs, WBCs, platelets (e.g., <100,000/μL), while marrow compensates (e.g., erythroid hyperplasia). Hypoplastic (A) or fibrotic (C) marrow contradicts. Regardless (D) ignores marrow state. None' dismisses. Hyperplasia distinguishes, key in nursing for spleen size and CBC monitoring.
Question 3 of 5
Characteristics of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria include all but one of the following:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) chronic hemolysis (A), brown morning urine (B hemoglobinuria), complement lysis (C CD55/59 defect), Ham's test (E acid lysis) but serum iron is low (D), not elevated, from chronic loss (e.g., <50 μg/dL). Iron deficiency is key, guiding nursing for iron therapy and PNH monitoring.
Question 4 of 5
The one of the following diseases in which examination of the bone marrow is least likely to be helpful in establishment the diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypersplenism (D) splenomegaly with pancytopenia relies on spleen size, CBC (e.g., platelets <100,000/μL), not marrow, which is hyperplastic, not diagnostic. Aplastic anemia (A), leukemia (B), Hodgkin's (C), myeloma show marrow changes (e.g., blasts, Reed-Sternberg). Hypersplenism's peripheral focus is key, guiding nursing for spleen assessment over marrow biopsy.
Question 5 of 5
If a young female develops a circulating anticoagulant directed against factor VIII, which underlying diagnosis is most likely:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lupus erythematosus (A) SLE produces lupus anticoagulant (e.g., anti-phospholipid antibodies), rarely against factor VIII, causing bleeding (acquired hemophilia mimic). Hepatitis (B), leukemia (C) don't target VIII. None' (D) dismisses. SLE's autoimmune link is key, guiding nursing for ANA and immunosuppression.