ATI LPN
Exam Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Match the following: 680. Methotrexate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Methotrexate, an antimetabolite, causes myelosuppression, hepatitis (A) folate inhibition suppresses marrow, damages liver (e.g., ALT >100 U/L). Protein defects (B) fit asparaginase. Neuropathy (C) is vincristine. Cystitis (D) is cytoxan. Psychosis is prednisone. Methotrexate's toxicity is key in nursing for leucovorin rescue and liver function tests.
Question 2 of 5
The main complication of acute leukemia are:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute leukemia's main complications are infection and bleeding (D) marrow replacement by blasts (e.g., >20%) drops neutrophils (<500/μL) and platelets (<20,000/μL), risking sepsis and hemorrhage (e.g., CNS bleed). Seizures (A) or fractures (B) are secondary. Splenic rupture (C) is rare. None' dismisses. Infection and bleeding dominate, key in nursing for antibiotics, transfusions, and isolation.
Question 3 of 5
Anemia with persistent reticulocytosis and nucleated red cells in the peripheral blood in the absence of blood loss should make one suspicious of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Persistent reticulocytosis (e.g., >2%) and nucleated RBCs without bleeding suggest hemolytic anemia (C) RBC destruction (e.g., sickle cell, Hb <10 g/dL) drives marrow response. Folate deficiency (A) is macrocytic, not nucleated. Chronic anemia (B) lacks reticulocytosis. Marrow failure (D) reduces output. All' overstates. Hemolysis's compensatory erythropoiesis is key, guiding nursing for haptoglobin and LDH checks.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is true of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) true: prolonged bleeding time (A low platelets, e.g., <50,000/μL, delay clot formation). Prothrombin (B) is normal coagulation intact. Retraction (C) slows with low platelets. Not always viral (D idiopathic common). Rumpel-Leede is positive petechiae form. Bleeding time's prolongation is key, guiding nursing for steroids and hemorrhage watch.
Question 5 of 5
Microcytic anemias may occur in:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Microcytic anemia (MCV <80 fL) occurs in hypothyroidism (B) low metabolism may reduce iron use, though normocytic is commoner. Hemolytic (A), liver disease (C) are normo/macrocytic from hemolysis, folate issues. Aplastic (D) is normocytic marrow failure. All' overstates. Hypothyroidism's rare microcytosis is key, guiding nursing for TSH over iron alone.