Match the following: 655. hydrothorax

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hydrothorax pleural fluid from systemic pressure ties to congestive heart failure (B), raising venous pressure (e.g., right heart failure), yielding transudate. Friction rub (A) fits pleuritis. Thoracic duct rupture (C) causes chylothorax. Pseudomonas (D) links to empyema. Emphysematous bleb causes pneumothorax. CHF's fluid overload is key, guiding diuretics in chest nursing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) RBC membrane defect best treated with splenectomy (C), removing the spleen (e.g., post-10 years) halts hemolysis, normalizing Hb (e.g., >10 g/dL). Iron (A) suits deficiency, not HS. Liver (B) is irrelevant. Intrinsic factor (D) is B12-related. None' dismisses. Splenectomy's efficacy, despite infection risk, is key in nursing for pre-op vaccines and post-op monitoring.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Thrombocytosis elevated platelets (>450,000/μL) associates with acute leukemia (A), where marrow overproduction (e.g., CML) or reactive states raise counts, though thrombocytopenia often follows blast crisis. Bleeding tendency (B), hemophilia (C), and idiopathic purpura (D ITP) feature low platelets, causing hemorrhage, not excess. Purpura simplex is vascular, not platelet-driven. Acute leukemia's erratic hematopoiesis contrasts these hypocoagulable states, key in nursing for monitoring counts and anticipating bleeding or clotting risks in malignancy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Initial AIHA treatment is corticosteroids (C e.g., prednisone 1 mg/kg), suppressing antibody production, raising Hb (e.g., >10 g/dL) in 70% of warm cases. Splenectomy (A) is second-line. Myelosuppressives (B) are later (e.g., rituximab). Plasma (D) is coagulopathy-related. None' denies. Steroids' rapid effect is key, guiding nursing for taper and side effect watch.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.