ATI LPN
Questions of Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Match the following: 623. Hypoventilation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoventilation reduced alveolar ventilation causes hypercapnia (A), COâ‚‚ buildup from inadequate exhalation (e.g., PaCOâ‚‚ >45 mmHg), as in COPD or sedation. Hypocapnia (B) requires hyperventilation opposite physiology. Both' (C) contradicts; ventilation dictates COâ‚‚ direction. Neither' (D) dismisses the effect. This respiratory acidosis (low pH, high COâ‚‚) contrasts with hypocapnia's alkalosis, key in blood gas interpretation, guiding ventilatory support or oxygen titration in acute care nursing.
Question 2 of 5
One of the following statements concerning Polycythemia Vera is true:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Polycythemia Vera (PV), there is usually no splenomegaly' (C) is false splenomegaly occurs in 75% from marrow overproduction (JAK2 mutation), but assuming intent, no true option fits perfectly. Erythropoietin (A) is low, not high autonomous RBC production. All lines (B) rise RBCs, WBCs, platelets. Arterial saturation (D) is normal. Hypoferremia (E low iron) is common from RBC demand. C's negation aligns with PV's triad, key in nursing for phlebotomy monitoring.
Question 3 of 5
Hereditary spherocytosis is best treated with:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) RBC membrane defect best treated with splenectomy (C), removing the spleen (e.g., post-10 years) halts hemolysis, normalizing Hb (e.g., >10 g/dL). Iron (A) suits deficiency, not HS. Liver (B) is irrelevant. Intrinsic factor (D) is B12-related. None' dismisses. Splenectomy's efficacy, despite infection risk, is key in nursing for pre-op vaccines and post-op monitoring.
Question 4 of 5
Thrombocytosis is associated with:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thrombocytosis elevated platelets (>450,000/μL) associates with acute leukemia (A), where marrow overproduction (e.g., CML) or reactive states raise counts, though thrombocytopenia often follows blast crisis. Bleeding tendency (B), hemophilia (C), and idiopathic purpura (D ITP) feature low platelets, causing hemorrhage, not excess. Purpura simplex is vascular, not platelet-driven. Acute leukemia's erratic hematopoiesis contrasts these hypocoagulable states, key in nursing for monitoring counts and anticipating bleeding or clotting risks in malignancy.
Question 5 of 5
Initial treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia is with:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Initial AIHA treatment is corticosteroids (C e.g., prednisone 1 mg/kg), suppressing antibody production, raising Hb (e.g., >10 g/dL) in 70% of warm cases. Splenectomy (A) is second-line. Myelosuppressives (B) are later (e.g., rituximab). Plasma (D) is coagulopathy-related. None' denies. Steroids' rapid effect is key, guiding nursing for taper and side effect watch.