ATI LPN
Renal System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Match the description 'Passively permeable to water under ADH stimulation' to the structure: A) proximal convoluted tubule, B) descending limb of the nephron loop, C) collecting duct, D) ascending limb of the nephron loop.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The collecting duct (C) becomes water-permeable with ADH via aquaporin-2, concentrating urine. The proximal tubule (A) and descending limb (B) are always permeable, and ascending limb (D) is not, making C the ADH-dependent match.
Question 2 of 5
Urine with a high concentration of C₆Hâ‚â‚‚O₆ is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: C₆Hâ‚â‚‚O₆ (glucose) in urine (D) is abnormal (glycosuria) as it's filtered and reabsorbed, not secreted, unless the threshold is exceeded (e.g., diabetes). Normal (A, B) or secreted (C) options misalign, making D correct.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse reviews a client's laboratory results. Which results from the client's urinalysis should the nurse identify as normal? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: pH, specific gravity, and glucose within normal ranges indicate typical urinalysis results.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse cares for a client who is scheduled for the surgical creation of an ileal conduit. The client states, 'I am anxious about having an ileal conduit. What is it like to have this drainage tube?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Speaking with someone experienced fosters a positive attitude and addresses client concerns.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse cares for a middle-aged female client with diabetes mellitus who is being treated for the third episode of acute pyelonephritis in the past year. The client asks, 'What can I do to help prevent these infections?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased water and frequent voiding prevent urine stasis, reducing pyelonephritis risk.