Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs suggest that lower-level needs must be met before higher level of needs. The basic needs are, from the lowest level to the highest level:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Maslow's Hierarchy orders needs from lowest (Physical food, air) to highest (Self-actualization fulfillment), with Safety (security), Love & Belonging (relationships), and Self-esteem (confidence) in between. Physical needs underpin survival, safety ensures stability, belonging fosters connection, esteem builds worth, and self-actualization caps personal growth. Other sequences invert or scramble this e.g., starting with self-actualization defies the model's logic. Health care aides apply this by prioritizing basics (e.g., hydration) before emotional support, ensuring client stability before higher goals, a framework guiding care prioritization effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Confidentiality limits discussion to treatment essentials and privacy, unlike self-esteem , team support , or broader ethics . PSWs record only relevant data e.g., symptoms, not gossip protecting client trust. Breaching this risks legal issues and distress, like sharing a diagnosis publicly. It's a daily duty; PSWs safeguard dignity by discretion, ensuring care-focused communication, a fundamental ethic distinguishing their role from casual interaction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging ADLs meets independence and self-esteem needs per Maslow, unlike dependence , culture , or reliance . PSWs boost confidence e.g., aiding dressing fostering autonomy. Over-helping risks esteem loss; independence empowers. This approach aligns with PSW goals, enhancing dignity and capability, a practical application of psychological theory in daily care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Respecting the resident's choice upholds autonomy e.g., late reading unlike forcing lights off , medicating , or threatening . PSWs honor rights per the Resident's Bill, adjusting care, not dictating. Overriding this risks distress or rights violations; residents aren't coerced. Supporting preferences fosters dignity, a PSW duty unless safety's at stake. This balance ensures client control, aligning with ethical training to prioritize individual freedom over rigid rules.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Provinces manage health insurance e.g., OHIP unlike municipalities (B, local), territories (C, separate), or both . PSWs work within this e.g., funded care knowing jurisdiction. Misnaming risks policy confusion; provinces lead. This knowledge ensures PSWs navigate systems, supporting client access, a practical context in Canadian care.