ATI LPN
Immune System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Leukaemia is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B - Leukaemia is a cancer of the blood or bone marrow. Leukaemia specifically affects the white blood cells, disrupting their normal production and function. This leads to an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells, which can crowd out healthy cells. The other choices are incorrect because leukaemia is not a cancer of the blood vessels (A), an infection (C), or a cancer of the stomach (D). Understanding the nature of leukaemia as a cancer of the blood or bone marrow is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Question 2 of 5
In which area of parenting do the parents of a child with a hematologic alteration need major assistance?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Education. Parents of a child with a hematologic alteration need major assistance in education because they require guidance on understanding the condition, treatment options, potential complications, and how to manage the child's health effectively. This knowledge is crucial for ensuring the child receives appropriate medical care and support. Choice A (Nutrition) may be important but not necessarily the primary concern in this case. Choice B (Discipline) is important for parenting in general but not specifically related to managing a hematologic alteration. Choice D (Sleep) is also important but not as critical as education in this context.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a child being admitted to the hospital who is immunosuppressed and who will be placed on neutropenic precautions. With regard to neutropenic precautions, which intervention is incorrect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A: Admitting the client to a semiprivate room. Rationale: 1. Neutropenic precautions are necessary to protect the immunosuppressed child from infections. 2. Placing the child in a semiprivate room increases the risk of exposure to pathogens from another patient. 3. Neutropenic patients should ideally be placed in a private room to minimize the risk of infections. 4. Sharing a room increases the chances of exposure to potential pathogens, which can be detrimental to the child's health. Summary: B: Placing a precaution sign on the door to the room - Correct, as it alerts staff and visitors to the need for precautions. C: Placing a mask on the client if the client leaves the room - Correct, as it helps reduce the risk of inhaling pathogens. D: Removing a vase with fresh flowers left by a previous client - Correct, as flowers can harbor bacteria and fungi that pose a risk to the
Question 4 of 5
A school-age child with hemophilia falls on the playground and goes to the nurse’s office with superficial bleeding above the knee. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply pressure to the area for at least 15 minutes. In hemophilia, the blood clotting process is impaired, so applying pressure helps control bleeding by promoting clot formation. This prevents excessive blood loss and reduces the risk of complications. Applying a warm, moist pack (A) can worsen bleeding by dilating blood vessels. Performing passive range of motion (B) can exacerbate bleeding by increasing blood flow. Keeping the affected extremity dependent (D) can cause pooling of blood and prolong bleeding. Therefore, applying pressure is the most appropriate action.
Question 5 of 5
A client with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Tissue Perfusion. Which action is inappropriate for this nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Elevating the client's knees on the bed or with a pillow is inappropriate for Ineffective Tissue Perfusion in a client with DIC because it can potentially worsen perfusion by hindering blood flow. Elevating the knees can lead to decreased blood circulation to the lower extremities, exacerbating tissue perfusion issues. Monitoring the client's level of consciousness and mental status (A), minimizing the use of tape on the client's skin (C), and assessing extremity pulses, warmth, and capillary refill (D) are appropriate actions for managing Ineffective Tissue Perfusion in a client with DIC. These actions help in early detection of perfusion issues, preventing complications, and ensuring adequate tissue oxygenation.