Kramer's rule is used for :

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Kramer's rule assesses neonatal jaundice by observing skin yellowing progression. From head (zone 1) to feet (zone 5), it correlates with bilirubin levels (e.g., zone 3 ≈ 10-15 mg/dL), guiding intervention. Necrotizing enterocolitis (choice B) uses imaging/labs, not this rule. Burns (choice C) rely on burn percentage rules (e.g., Lund-Browder). Asphyxia (choice D) involves Apgar/gas analysis. A is correct, specific to jaundice. Nurses apply it, monitor bilirubin, and initiate phototherapy, preventing kernicterus.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Anxiety's source is unrecognized (C), making D ('recognized entity') untrue. Anxiety has physiologic (A) and psychologic (B) components e.g., racing heart, worry per Freud and nursing theory. Its hallmark is vague, unidentified dread (C), unlike fear with a known cause (D). D misaligns with anxiety's definition, where the threat is internal or unclear, thus it's the incorrect statement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Legrande's buying ice cream and food is restitution (A), compensating for shouting at his son. Conversion (B) turns stress into physical symptoms. Redoing (C) isn't a term; undoing reverses. Reaction formation (D) acts opposite to feelings. Restitution, per psychology, repairs guilt, matching his actions, making A correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: a.c.' means before meals (B), from Latin 'ante cibum,' per medical abbreviations. As desired (A) is 'ad lib,' after meals (C) 'p.c.,' bedtime (D) 'h.s.' B matches the order's intent, making it correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Yura and Walsh (A, 1,2) proposed the 4-step APIE process, per nursing history. Roy (B, 3) focused adaptation, Knowles (C, 4) adult learning. A matches early process development, making it correct.