Koilonychias is specific to?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Koilonychias, characterized by spoon-shaped nails, is specific to iron deficiency anemia due to impaired nail growth. In hemolytic anemia, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia major, nail abnormalities are not typically observed. Iron deficiency leads to brittle, spoon-shaped nails. Consequently, option D is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT). Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder due to deficiency of clotting factors. PTT specifically measures the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, which is affected in hemophilia. Prothrombin time (A) measures the extrinsic pathway, not specific for hemophilia. Bleeding time (B) assesses platelet function, not relevant for hemophilia. Platelet count (D) evaluates the number of platelets, not the clotting factor deficiency seen in hemophilia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Type 1 hypersensitivity is an immediate allergic reaction. Step 2: IgE antibodies are responsible for triggering Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. Step 3: IgG is not involved in Type 1 hypersensitivity. Step 4: Delayed reactions (Choice C) are not characteristic of Type 1 hypersensitivity. Therefore, the correct answer is A: IgE, as it is the key mediator of Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. Choices B and C are incorrect because IgG is not involved and Type 1 hypersensitivity is not a delayed reaction. Choice D is incorrect because it includes choices B and C, which are not relevant to Type 1 hypersensitivity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prothrombin time 28 seconds. A prolonged prothrombin time indicates impaired blood clotting function, posing a higher risk of bleeding. This is a critical issue that requires immediate attention to prevent severe complications. INR of 2.8 (choice A) is slightly elevated but not as urgent as PT. Platelet count of 128,000/mm³ (choice B) is low but not an immediate concern unless it drops further. RBC count of 5.1 million/L (choice D) is within the normal range and does not indicate an urgent issue.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Continual monitoring is crucial for early detection and treatment of infections in clients with immunosuppressive disorders. By closely observing the client's condition, the nurse can identify subtle signs of infection early, allowing prompt intervention to prevent complications. Choices A, B, and D do not directly address the primary rationale for monitoring immunosuppressed clients. Meeting functional needs, administering medications, and maintaining accurate documentation are important but not as critical as detecting and treating infections promptly in this population.