ATI LPN
Hematologic System Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Kaposi's sarcoma- findings should expect with this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reddish-purple skin lesions. Kaposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer that is commonly seen in individuals with HIV/AIDS. The skin lesions associated with Kaposi's sarcoma are typically reddish-purple in color and can present as flat, raised, or nodular lesions. These lesions are caused by abnormal growth of blood vessels and can be found on the skin, mouth, or internal organs. Treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or antiretroviral therapy. Choice A is incorrect because the onset of progressive dementia is more characteristic of the AIDS-dementia complex, which can occur as HIV affects the nervous system. Choice C, yellowing of the skin, is not a typical finding of Kaposi's sarcoma. Choice D, persistent cough, is not a direct symptom of Kaposi's sarcoma and is more commonly associated with respiratory conditions or infections.
Question 2 of 5
What is the most important test for iron stores?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most important test for iron stores is serum ferritin. Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body, and its levels directly reflect the amount of iron stored. Therefore, measuring serum ferritin provides the most accurate assessment of iron stores. Serum calcium (choice A) is not a reliable indicator of iron stores. Serum iron (choice C) can fluctuate based on various factors and does not provide a comprehensive picture of iron stores. Choosing "None of the above" (choice D) would be incorrect as serum ferritin is indeed the most important test for iron stores.
Question 3 of 5
Which usually rare cancer is associated with HIV?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi's sarcoma. This rare cancer is associated with HIV due to its link with weakened immune systems. HIV compromises the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to developing Kaposi's sarcoma. Astrocytoma, mesothelioma, and penile cancer are not commonly associated with HIV. Kaposi's sarcoma is characterized by skin lesions and can also affect internal organs, making it a distinctive cancer seen in HIV-positive individuals.
Question 4 of 5
A child is diagnosed with sickle cell disease. The parents are unsure of how their child contracted the disease. What is the most appropriate explanation by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. 2. Both parents must be carriers (have the trait) to pass on the disease. 3. If both parents have the trait, each child has a 25% chance of inheriting the disease. 4. Therefore, choice D is correct as it explains the genetic basis of sickle cell disease transmission. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A. Incorrect - Both parents need to be carriers for the child to inherit the disease. B. Incorrect - Both parents need to be carriers for the child to inherit the disease. C. Incorrect - If the mother has the disease, the child would have a 50% chance of inheriting it, not 25%.
Question 5 of 5
A child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving chemotherapy has the following lab results: WBC 9,000, Hemoglobin 12, and Platelets 20,000. When planning this child’s care, which risk should the nurse consider most significant?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Hemorrhage Rationale: 1. Platelets are critically low at 20,000, putting the child at high risk for bleeding. 2. Hemorrhage is a major concern due to impaired clotting ability. 3. Anemia (low hemoglobin) can contribute to bleeding but is not the primary concern. 4. Infection risk is elevated but not as immediate as the risk of hemorrhage with such low platelets.