ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Course Questions
Question 1 of 9
It refers to the preparation of the bed with a new set of linens
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bed making is the process of preparing a bed with fresh linens.
Question 2 of 9
Mr. Gary underwent amputation of his left leg due to a vehicular accident. After the operation he said that he can still feel his left leg and it is painful. This type of pain is called?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mr. Gary's pain in his amputated left leg is phantom pain (D), a sensation in a missing limb, per neurological phenomena post-amputation. Acute (A) and chronic (B) relate to time, not absence. Referred (C) is mislocated from source. Phantom pain, common after limb loss, arises from nerve endings, making D the correct type.
Question 3 of 9
A client is at risk for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which assessment finding reflects an increase in ICP?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unequal pupil size (A) reflects increased ICP, indicating brain compression affecting cranial nerves. Decreasing BP (B) is late. Tachycardia (C) isn't specific. Temperature drop (D) isn't typical. A is correct. Rationale: Pupil asymmetry signals herniation or pressure on the oculomotor nerve, a critical ICP sign, per neuroassessment standards.
Question 4 of 9
GFR is increased by :
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reflects kidney filtration capacity. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) (choice A) increases GFR by dilating afferent arterioles and constricting efferent ones, boosting filtration in response to high blood volume. Histamine (choice B) affects local inflammation, not GFR directly. Vasopressin (choice C) reduces GFR by conserving water via tubular reabsorption, not filtration. Endothelium (choice D) is a tissue, not a substance, and likely a typo (endothelin constricts vessels, lowering GFR). A is correct, as ANP's vasodilatory effect enhances GFR. Nurses monitor this in heart failure or hypertension, adjusting care for renal perfusion.
Question 5 of 9
When assessing the urinary output of a client who has had extracorporeal lithotripsy, the nurse can expect to find:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cherry-red urine clearing over time is expected post-extracorporeal lithotripsy, reflecting initial hematuria from stone fragmentation, then resolution as bleeding subsides a normal progression. Orange tinge, persistent dark red, or smoky urine suggest other issues. Nurses monitor this to confirm procedure success, reassuring clients while watching for prolonged bleeding or infection.
Question 6 of 9
The correct technique when performing chest compression on a 4 month old infant is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a 4-month-old infant, chest compressions use two fingers (index and middle) on the sternum, just below the nipple line, per pediatric CPR guidelines (e.g., AHA). This delivers 1.5-inch depth at 100-120 beats per minute, suitable for an infant's small, fragile chest, minimizing injury. Both hands suit adults, overwhelming an infant's frame, risking rib fractures. The heel of one hand applies for children over 1 year, too forceful here. The palm of one hand lacks precision, potentially misplacing pressure. Two fingers balance force and control, ensuring effective circulation during cardiac arrest while protecting the infant's delicate anatomy, making it the standard technique in neonatal resuscitation.
Question 7 of 9
Which of the following actions by a practical/vocational nursing student represents the best example of deductive reasoning?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deductive reasoning involves applying a general framework to a specific situation, and assessing a client using Maslow's Hierarchy to define a nutritional problem exemplifies this. The student starts with the broad theory of human needs, then deduces that the client's issue fits within the physiological category, specifically nutrition. Observing constipation and gathering data is inductive, moving from specifics to a general conclusion. Suspecting dishonesty and checking sources is investigative, not strictly deductive. Identifying alternatives and choosing one is problem-solving, not deduction. Using Maslow's model demonstrates how a nurse logically narrows a general principle to a specific client need, showcasing critical thinking essential for effective care planning.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse asked Mr. Gary his care preferences. This is an example of?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking care preferences is patient-centered care (A) needs focus, per definition. Holistic (B) whole, promotion (C) well-being, informatics (D) tech not preference-specific. A fits the nurse's priority on Mr. Gary's wishes, making it correct.
Question 9 of 9
Loss of sphincter control that leads to uncontrolled urination and bowel movement is called?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loss of sphincter control causing uncontrolled urination and bowel movement is incontinence (B), per medical terminology common in dying. Enuresis (A) is urinary-specific, diarrhea (C) and constipation (D) are bowel states, not control loss. B encompasses both, matching end-of-life loss, making it correct.