ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Isovolumetric contraction is the phase of the cardiac cardiac cycle in which
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Isovolumetric contraction, early ventricular systole, sees pressure rise as myocardium contracts, but volume stays constant all valves (AV, semilunar) are closed, no blood enters or exits. Semilunar valves open later (ejection). Repolarization is post-systole. Atrial depolarization precedes this. This brief phase (~50 ms) builds pressure to exceed arterial levels, key in cycle timing, critical in heart sound analysis and dysfunction where pressure fails to rise adequately.
Question 2 of 5
The organ of the respiratory system that closes when food is being swallowed is the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The larynx (C) closes during swallowing, per the key the epiglottis seals the glottis, preventing aspiration. The nose (A) stays open (no closure mechanism). The pharynx (B) conducts food/air but doesn't close. The trachea (D) remains patent (cartilage rings). Swallowing's pharyngeal phase (0.5 s) tilts the epiglottis via hyoid movement, per anatomy laryngeal closure protects lungs (e.g., 1-2 L food/day diverted). This distinguishes C from A's irrelevance, B's conduit role, or D's openness the larynx's gatekeeping is unique.
Question 3 of 5
A client is hospitalized with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Which findings, based on the nurse's knowledge, are indicative of deteriorating clinical state? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased respiratory rate (A), tachycardia (B), agitation (C), and cyanosis (D) signal pneumonia deterioration, per document (1-4). Tachypnea (e.g., RR >30) reflects hypoxemia (PaOâ‚‚ <60 mmHg). Tachycardia (HR >100) compensates low Oâ‚‚. Agitation indicates cerebral hypoxia. Cyanosis (SpOâ‚‚ <90%) shows deoxygenation. Urine output is unrelated. A's priority RR doubling drives hypoxia detection, distinguishing it from E's irrelevance.
Question 4 of 5
When taking the nursing history of a child with cystic fibrosis, what piece of information about the child's newborn period would the nurse expect the mother to report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Meconium ileus (C) is expected in cystic fibrosis (CF) newborns, per document (3). CFTR mutation thickens mucus, blocking intestines (10-20% incidence), causing obstruction. Resuscitation (A) or labor duration (B, D) are unrelated CF's respiratory issues emerge later. C's early sign 90% positive sweat test link flags CF, distinguishing it from A's acute event, per CF Foundation.
Question 5 of 5
An infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is receiving ribavirin. While caring for this infant, what actions should the nurse avoid? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoid wearing contact lenses (C) and caring for high-risk kids with ribavirin for RSV, per document (3, 5). Ribavirin aerosol irritates eyes lenses trap it (10% risk). Cross-care spreads RSV (30% risk). Precautions (A) and suction (B) are safe. C's avoidance per CDC protects nurse, unlike A's necessity, in RSV's contagious setting.