ATI LPN
Immune System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Irritable bowel syndrome is most common in:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Women. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is most common in women, with about twice as many women affected compared to men. This is due to hormonal fluctuations, as well as differences in gut motility and sensitivity to stress between genders. Women are also more likely to seek medical help for their symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because IBS is not more common in older white males, children, or young black women compared to women in general.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse should expect to administer this drug for a sickle cell pain crisis:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Morphine sulfate. Morphine is the preferred analgesic for severe pain in sickle cell crisis due to its potent pain-relieving effects. It works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain, reducing pain perception. Meperidine (B) is not recommended due to its toxic metabolite accumulation in renal impairment. Acetaminophen (C) and Ibuprofen (D) are not sufficient for managing severe pain in a sickle cell crisis.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which nursing intervention is a priority for this child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintenance of skin integrity. For a child with DIC, skin integrity is a priority due to the risk of bleeding and clotting. Skin breakdown can lead to infection and further complications. Monitoring fluid restriction (choice C) may be important, but skin integrity takes precedence. Frequent ambulation (choice A) may be beneficial but not as crucial as maintaining skin integrity. Preparation for x-ray procedures (choice D) is not a priority compared to preventing skin breakdown in a child with DIC.
Question 4 of 5
A client with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has a nursing diagnosis of Impaired Gas Exchange. Which action is inappropriate when providing care based on this nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct answer: A. Placing the client in a low-Fowler position is inappropriate because it can worsen gas exchange in a client with DIC. Rationale: 1. In DIC, impaired gas exchange is often due to microthrombi formation in the lungs, leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatch. 2. Placing the client in a low-Fowler position can further compromise ventilation by decreasing lung expansion and worsening perfusion. 3. Monitoring oxygen saturation continuously (B) is essential in assessing gas exchange status. 4. Maintaining bed rest (C) helps reduce oxygen demand and prevent complications from movement. 5. Encouraging deep breathing and coughing (D) can help maintain lung expansion and prevent atelectasis. In summary, placing the client in a low-Fowler position is inappropriate as it can worsen gas exchange, while monitoring oxygen saturation, maintaining bed rest, and promoting deep breathing and coughing are appropriate interventions for a client with DIC and impaired gas exchange.
Question 5 of 5
The child is admitted to the hospital after being diagnosed with retinoblastoma. Which assessment finding does the nurse anticipate for this child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A white pupil. Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor of the retina that can present as a white pupil in flash photography, known as leukocoria. This is due to the tumor blocking the normal red reflex from the retina. A red reflex (choice A) is a normal finding and not expected in retinoblastoma. Yellow sclera (choice B) and blue-tinged sclera (choice D) are not typically associated with retinoblastoma.