ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Inulin is a polymer of fructose, and it's used in research to precisely measure GFR.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inulin, a fructose polymer, is an ideal substance for measuring GFR because it is freely filtered by the glomerulus, not reabsorbed, secreted, or metabolized by the kidney, and its clearance equals GFR. Administered intravenously, its urinary excretion rate matches the filtration rate (e.g., 125 ml/min), making it a gold standard in research, thus A (True) is correct.
Question 2 of 5
Phosphate buffer system does not have much effect as intracellular fluid buffer. However, it's a major extracellular buffer and important in renal tubular fluid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The phosphate buffer system (HPO₄²â»/Hâ‚‚POâ‚„â») is a major intracellular buffer due to high phosphate in cells, not less effective (statement's first part is false). It's also significant extracellularly in renal tubular fluid, titrating H⺠for excretion, but not ‘major' compared to bicarbonate in plasma. The mixed accuracy makes B (False) correct.
Question 3 of 5
To prepare a patient on the unit for a bronchoscopic procedure, the medical-surgical nurse administers an IV sedative. The nurse then instructs the licensed practical nurse to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After IV sedation for a bronchoscopy, monitoring vital signs like blood pressure and heart rate (C) is critical to assess sedation effects and ensure stability, a key LPN task. Education (A) is the RN's role pre-sedation, water (B) risks aspiration (NPO status), and bathroom (D) is impractical post-sedation, making C the appropriate instruction.
Question 4 of 5
Why is regular monitoring of urea levels essential for assessing kidney function?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Urea, a waste product from protein breakdown, is filtered and excreted by the kidneys. Regular monitoring (e.g., blood urea nitrogen, BUN) evaluates kidney health (D), as impaired function raises levels (e.g., renal failure). Liver disorders (A) affect urea production, metabolic health (B) is vague, and deficiencies (C) aren't a concern, making D correct.
Question 5 of 5
Concerning the function of the proximal tubule:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The proximal tubule reabsorbs ~65% of filtrate iso-osmotically (A), PAH concentration rises as it's secreted (B is false), and glucose/bicarbonate are mostly reabsorbed (C). A and C are true—reabsorption is iso-osmotic, nutrients are reclaimed—while B is incorrect, making D (A and C are correct) the answer.