ATI LPN
Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Intravenous administration of 1.5 liters of isotonic Ringer's solution to a healthy adult could cause:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Isotonic Ringer's expands volume, raising cardiac output and renal flow (A), increasing GFR (B), and elevating ANP while lowering renin (C) to excrete excess. All are true—volume boosts output/flow, GFR rises, ANP counters renin—making E (all are correct), reassigned as D, correct.
Question 2 of 5
Natriuretic hormone is produced by cells in the kidneys.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a natriuretic hormone, is produced by the heart's atria, not kidneys (B), to reduce sodium and volume. Kidneys produce renin and erythropoietin, making False the correct answer over True (A).
Question 3 of 5
The vasa recta creates the osmotic gradient in the kidney's medulla.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The loop of Henle (D), not vasa recta, creates the medullary osmotic gradient via countercurrent multiplication. Vasa recta maintains it, making D the correct clarification.
Question 4 of 5
When planning teaching for a patient with benign nephrosclerosis the nurse should include instructions regarding
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nephrosclerosis causes hypertension (A), so monitoring BP is key. Weights (B) and I&O (C) are for renal failure, not typical here, and anticoagulants (D) aren't used, making A the focus.
Question 5 of 5
When the nurse is caring for a patient who has had left-sided extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, which assessment finding is most important to report to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A drop in urine output (D) post-lithotripsy suggests obstruction from stone fragments, a serious complication needing prompt reporting. Hematuria (A), pain (B), and bruising (C) are expected, but reduced output is critical, making D most important.