ATI LPN
Chapter 15 The Gastrointestinal System Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Into which parts of the human digestive system are digestive enzymes secreted?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: mouth, stomach, small intestine. Digestive enzymes are secreted in these specific parts to aid in the breakdown of food. In the mouth, salivary glands produce amylase to start breaking down carbohydrates. In the stomach, gastric glands secrete pepsin to break down proteins. In the small intestine, the pancreas secretes various enzymes such as lipase, protease, and amylase to further break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not include all three key locations where digestive enzymes are secreted.
Question 2 of 5
In some regions of the world, children suffer from a protein deficiency known as kwashiorkor. This deficiency occurs when a child's diet is changed from high-protein breast milk to watery cereal. Even though the child is receiving calories, the child becomes sick and less active, and growth ceases. These symptoms are probably due to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: a lack of essential amino acids in the diet. Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency disease, specifically characterized by a lack of essential amino acids. Essential amino acids are necessary for proper growth and development, and when they are lacking, the body cannot synthesize important proteins. This leads to symptoms like stunted growth and decreased activity levels. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: too many nucleic acids in the diet - Nucleic acids are not related to kwashiorkor. B: an overconsumption of complete protein foods - Kwashiorkor is caused by a lack of protein, not an overconsumption. C: not enough carbohydrates in the diet - While carbohydrates are important for energy, kwashiorkor is specifically a protein deficiency disease.
Question 3 of 5
A branch of the nerve regulating the secretions of the stomach can be cut surgically. The decrease in hydrochloric acid secretion that would result from this procedure would be most helpful to an individual with
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ulcers. Cutting the nerve branch would decrease hydrochloric acid secretion, which is beneficial for individuals with ulcers as it can help in reducing stomach acidity and promoting healing of the ulcers. For the other choices: A: Diarrhea is not directly related to hydrochloric acid secretion in the stomach. B: Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix and is not influenced by stomach acid secretion. C: Gallstones are formed in the gallbladder and are not directly affected by stomach acid secretion.
Question 4 of 5
The above picture shows the main organ involved in
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: excretion. The organ shown is the kidney, which plays a vital role in filtering waste products from the blood to form urine for excretion. It is not involved in digestion (B), reproduction (C), or combating foreign microbes (D). Kidneys are specifically designed for excretion, making choice A the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
Which process takes place in region A?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Region A refers to the glomerulus in the kidney, where filtration occurs. The correct answer is B because substances are filtered out of the blood into the renal tubules for further processing. Proteins being converted to urea (A) happens in the liver, not in the glomerulus. Urine storage (C) occurs in the bladder, not in the glomerulus. Water reabsorption (D) occurs in the renal tubules, not in the glomerulus. Therefore, choice B is correct for region A.