ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Assessment Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Increased preload of the cardiac chambers may lead to which patient symptom?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preload reduces glomerular filtration resulting in fluid conservation, or edema. Increased preload may lead to an increased, not decreased, heart rate. Increased preload may lead to shortness of breath and an increased respiratory rate. Increased preload may lead to fatigue, not excitability, as the heart works harder to circulate blood.
Question 2 of 5
The charge nurse observes a new registered nurse(RN) doing discharge teaching for a patient with hypertension who has a new prescription for enalapril(Vasotec). Which statement by the new nurse to the patient would require the charge nurse's intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ACE inhibitors cause retention of potassium by the kidney, so hyperkalemia is a possible adverse effect. The other teaching by the new RN is appropriate for a patient with newly diagnosed hypertension who has just started therapy with enalapril.
Question 3 of 5
Propranolol(Inderal) is prescribed for a patient diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse should consult with the health care provider before giving this medication when the patient reveals a history of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonselective b-blockers block b1- and b2-adrenergic receptors and can cause bronchospasm, especially in patients with a history of asthma. b-Blockers will have no effect on the patient's peptic ulcer disease or alcohol use. b-Blocker therapy is recommended after MI.
Question 4 of 5
A 40-year-old male newly diagnosed with hypertension is discussing risk factors with the nurse. The nurse talks about lifestyle changes with the patient and advises that the patient should avoid tobacco use. What is the primary rationale behind that advice to the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking increases the risk for heart disease, for which a patient with hypertension is already at an increased risk. Quitting will not necessarily cause hypertension to resolve and smoking does not directly cause ventricular hypertrophy. The association with a sedentary lifestyle is true, but this is not the main rationale for the nurse's advice; the association with heart disease is more salient.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is screening a number of adults for hypertension. What range of blood pressure is considered normal?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: JNC 7 defines a blood pressure of less than 120/80 mm Hg as normal, 120 to 129/80 to 89 mm Hg as prehypertension, and 140/90 mm Hg or higher as hypertension.