Increased osmolality of the ECF

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

A. increases thirst B. inhibits ADH C. increases renin secretion D. increases aldosterone secretion

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: High ECF osmolality stimulates thirst to restore fluid balance.

Body fluid pH will rise dramatically when

A. sodium is excreted by the kidney B. large amounts of bicarbonate are ingested C. carbonic acid is formed D. the respiratory rate decreases

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Excess bicarbonate ingestion neutralizes H⁺, raising pH.

The normal pH for blood plasma is

A. 7 B. 7.25 C. 7.4 D. 7.55

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Normal blood plasma pH is 7.40, slightly alkaline.

Prolonged vomiting of stomach contents will result in

A. metabolic acidosis B. metabolic alkalosis C. respiratory acidosis D. respiratory alkalosis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Loss of gastric H⁺ raises pH, leading to metabolic alkalosis.

hypoventilation

A. respiratory acidosis B. respiratory alkalosis C. metabolic acidosis D. metabolic alkalosis

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hypoventilation retains CO₂ causing respiratory acidosis.

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