ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Incontinence refers to the inability to control micturition
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Incontinence is the involuntary loss of bladder control (A), impairing micturition regulation, a true clinical definition. False (B) would deny this standard meaning, making A correct.
Question 2 of 5
The majority of reabsorption occurs in the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The PCT (B) reabsorbs ~65% of filtrate (water, ions, nutrients) due to its surface area and transporters. Renal capsule (A) is structural, collecting duct (C) adjusts, and ascending limb (D) dilutes, making B the majority site.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse obtains a sterile urine specimen from a client's Foley catheter. After applying a clamp to the drainage tubing distal to the injection port, which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cleaning the port with antiseptic prevents contamination before obtaining the sterile sample.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which client is at greatest risk for bladder cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Long-term smoking greatly increases bladder cancer risk, making this client most vulnerable.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse assesses a client with polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Which assessment finding should alert the nurse to immediately contact the health care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Periorbital edema is atypical for PKD, indicating a serious issue needing urgent attention.