In which of the following conditions is percent transferrin iron saturation highest?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hemachromatosis. In hemachromatosis, the body absorbs and stores too much iron, leading to high transferrin iron saturation. Rationale: 1. In hemachromatosis, the body absorbs excess iron from the diet, causing high iron levels in the blood. 2. Transferrin is a protein that transports iron in the blood. In hemachromatosis, the high iron levels saturate the transferrin, leading to high percent transferrin iron saturation. 3. Anemia of chronic disease (A) is characterized by low iron levels and low transferrin iron saturation. 4. Iron deficiency (B) results in low iron levels and low transferrin iron saturation. 5. Pernicious anemia (C) is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, not iron overload, leading to normal to low transferrin iron saturation. Summary: Hemachromatosis leads to high

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the client if he ever sustained a bee sting in the past. This answer is correct because knowing the client's past history with bee stings can help the nurse assess the risk of a severe reaction. If the client has a history of severe reactions, the nurse may need to take immediate action. Choice A is incorrect because soaking the site in hydrogen peroxide is not the appropriate initial action for a bee sting. Choice C is incorrect because calling an ambulance is not necessary unless there are severe symptoms present, such as difficulty breathing or anaphylaxis. Choice D is incorrect because telling the client not to worry about the sting unless difficulty breathing occurs can be dangerous, as severe allergic reactions can happen rapidly and without warning.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ototoxicity. Aminoglycosides are known to cause damage to the inner ear, resulting in hearing loss and balance issues. The nurse should monitor for symptoms such as tinnitus, dizziness, and hearing loss. Seizures (A) are not a common adverse effect of aminoglycosides. Renal toxicity (C) is a potential side effect, but ototoxicity is more specific to aminoglycosides. Hepatotoxicity (D) is not a typical adverse effect associated with aminoglycosides. Therefore, monitoring for ototoxicity is essential in clients taking aminoglycosides.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Greater than 30% plasma cells in bone marrow. This scenario is indicative of multiple myeloma, a plasma cell disorder. High Ca and renal insufficiency suggest hypercalcemia and kidney damage due to monoclonal protein deposition. Anemia and MCV suggest bone marrow involvement. Choice A is not specific for multiple myeloma. Choice B is used to evaluate bone metastasis. Choice C is invasive and not typically done for initial diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Therefore, D is the best option for definitive diagnosis in this case.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: MRI scan of spine. For a patient with thoracic pain, leg weakness, and incontinence during chemo for breast cancer, an MRI of the spine is crucial to evaluate for spinal cord compression, a serious complication. This can present with the mentioned symptoms and requires urgent intervention. Serum calcium (A) is not the most important study as it is less likely to explain the patient's symptoms. A bone scan (B) and plain radiographs (C) may not provide detailed imaging of the spinal cord to assess for compression. An MRI scan of the spine (D) offers the best visualization to identify spinal cord compression and guide appropriate management.