ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on the Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
In the proximal convoluted tubule, chloride ions are reabsorbed because of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chloride follows sodium's active reabsorption in the PCT due to electrical attraction (C), maintaining charge balance. It's not actively transported (A), tied to calcium (B), or driven solely by osmosis (D), making C the mechanism.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse reviews the urinalysis of a client and notes the presence of glucose. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glucose in urine suggests high blood sugar, requiring immediate capillary glucose testing for evaluation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse prepares a client for a percutaneous kidney biopsy. Which actions should the nurse take prior to this procedure? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: NPO, coagulation checks, and BP control reduce risks before the biopsy procedure.
Question 4 of 5
An emergency department nurse assesses a client with a history of urinary incontinence who presents with extreme dry mouth, constipation, and an inability to void. Which question should the nurse ask first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Medications like anticholinergics can cause these symptoms, making it the priority question.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving an intravenous antibiotic. The nurse notes that the provider has ordered serum drug peak and trough levels. The nurse understands that these tests are necessary for which type of drugs?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Narrow therapeutic index drugs need monitoring to ensure efficacy and avoid toxicity.