ATI LPN
Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
In the lungs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the lungs, P_CO2 in alveoli (~40 mmHg) is lower than in pulmonary capillaries (~45 mmHg), driving COâ‚‚ diffusion from blood to alveoli for exhalation. Deoxygenated blood arrives with higher COâ‚‚; alveoli, refreshed by ventilation, maintain lower COâ‚‚. P_O2 is higher in alveoli (~100 mmHg) than capillaries (~40 mmHg), enabling Oâ‚‚ uptake. Equal pressures (A, B) would halt exchange; higher alveolar P_CO2 (C) contradicts ventilation's role. This gradient, part of external respiration, ensures COâ‚‚ clearance and oxygenation, a fundamental gas exchange principle, critical in understanding lung efficiency and hypercapnia where COâ‚‚ retention rises.
Question 2 of 5
A 6-year-old child is hospitalized following an acute asthmatic episode. Which statement by the parents indicates that further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Saying the child must quit swimming (B) indicates a teaching need. Exercise-induced asthma, likely here (C), is manageable with pre-exercise cromolyn (A) or albuterol, and an inhaler on hand (D) correct parental insights. Swimming, a low-impact sport, benefits asthmatics by strengthening lungs in humid air, not triggering attacks like running might. Quitting suggests misunderstanding asthma control; activity should be encouraged with proper prophylaxis. Further teaching should clarify that asthma, even exercise-induced, allows sports participation with management, critical for the child's physical and social development, a key nursing role in chronic illness support.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse teaches a client about the use of a respiratory inhaler. Which action by the client indicated a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inhaling the mist and quickly exhaling (C) indicates a need for further teaching. Proper inhaler use requires holding the breath 5-10 seconds after inhalation to deposit medication in airways quick exhalation wastes it, reducing efficacy. Shaking the inhaler (A) mixes contents, pressing while inhaling (B) delivers the dose, and waiting 1-2 minutes between puffs (D) ensures full absorption all correct. This error, common in COPD or asthma clients, undermines treatment, a key nursing focus to retrain for optimal bronchodilator or steroid delivery, enhancing symptom control.
Question 4 of 5
A study of persons with atopic asthma reveals that they develop pathologic changes in their airways with repeated bouts. These changes include smooth muscle and mucus gland hypertrophy. It is observed that the late-phase inflammatory response to allergens potentiates epithelial cell cytokine production that promotes airway remodeling. Which of the following immune cells is most important in this excessive inflammatory response to allergens?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TH2 lymphocytes (D) drive atopic asthma's late-phase inflammation . IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 boost eosinophilia and remodeling (smooth muscle 50% thicker), per Table 12-2. B cells (A) produce IgE via TH2. Cytotoxic (B) and NK (C) cells target infections. D's cytokine storm unlike A's secondary role potentiates airway changes, per document.
Question 5 of 5
The interstitium contains:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.