ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing Vital Signs Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
In the emergency department, the nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes who was brought in by ambulance after losing consciousness. Upon assessment, the client’s breath was noted to be fruity. Which of the following ABG results would the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fruity breath and unconsciousness in type 1 diabetes suggest diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a metabolic acidosis. pH 7.28, normal PCO2, and low HCO3 (B) indicate uncompensated acidosis. Other options reflect alkalosis (A), normal (C), or respiratory acidosis (D).
Question 2 of 5
Nasal septum disruption is an indication for over usage of --
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cocaine (C) overuse causes nasal septum perforation due to vasoconstriction and tissue necrosis. Other substances (A, B, D) don’t typically affect the septum.
Question 3 of 5
A client undergoes hip-pinning surgery (DHS) to treat an intertrochanteric fracture of the right hip. The nurse should include which intervention in the postoperative plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A pillow between the legs (B) maintains abduction, preventing dislocation post-hip pinning. ROM (A) risks displacement, turning (C) may be limited, and semi-Fowler’s (D) is less specific.
Question 4 of 5
A client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is receiving an insulin infusion. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor most closely?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin in DKA shifts potassium into cells, risking hypokalemia; thus, serum potassium (B) is monitored closely. Sodium (A) and BUN (C) are less urgent, and A1c (D) reflects long-term control.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a newborn 12 hours after birth. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Yellowish skin (C) indicates jaundice, requiring urgent evaluation in a newborn under 24 hours. Heart rate (A), respiratory rate (B), and temperature (D) are within normal ranges.