ATI LPN
Quiz Questions Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
In the context of HIV prevention what does PRP stand for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the context of HIV prevention involves taking antiretroviral medication before potential exposure to prevent infection. This is effective in reducing the risk of HIV transmission. B: Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is taken after potential exposure to prevent infection. C: Postexposure pneumonia is not a recognized term in HIV prevention. D: Pre-exposure pneumonia is not a recognized term in HIV prevention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for 5-year-old child with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia and formulates the following nursing diagnoses. The nurse should select which nursing diagnosis as the priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Deficient Fluid Volume. For a child with sickle cell anemia, dehydration can lead to sickling of red blood cells, causing pain crises. Addressing fluid volume deficit is crucial to prevent complications. Activity Intolerance (A) may result from anemia but is secondary to fluid volume deficit. Disabled Family Coping (C) and Imbalanced Nutrition (D) are important but not as urgent as addressing fluid volume deficit to prevent acute complications.
Question 3 of 5
Which action by the parents demonstrates an understanding of the nurse’s teaching with regard to prevention of iron-deficient anemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because starting iron-fortified infant cereal at 4 to 6 months of age aligns with the nurse's teaching to prevent iron-deficient anemia. Iron-fortified foods help meet the infant's iron needs, as breastmilk alone may not provide sufficient iron after 4-6 months. Choice A is incorrect because formula not fortified with iron can lead to iron deficiency. Choice C is incorrect because cow's milk is not recommended before 1 year old due to its low iron content and risk of causing intestinal bleeding. Choice D is incorrect because vitamin C actually enhances iron absorption, so limiting it would not prevent anemia.
Question 4 of 5
A client diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is currently bleeding through the gastrointestinal tract. Which prescription does the nurse anticipate for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: In DIC, there is widespread clotting depleting clotting factors and platelets, leading to bleeding. Fresh frozen plasma and platelets are indicated to replenish these factors. Aspirin and Coumadin are anticoagulants and would worsen bleeding. Heparin is also an anticoagulant and not indicated in active bleeding.
Question 5 of 5
The antiemetic drug ondansetron (Zofran) is administered to a child receiving chemotherapy. When should the nurse administer this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Ondansetron is a prophylactic antiemetic used to prevent nausea and vomiting. 2. Administering before chemotherapy helps to pre-emptively control symptoms. 3. By giving it before, the drug can reach peak effectiveness when chemotherapy-induced nausea is most likely to occur. 4. Administering after or only if nausea occurs may not provide optimal prevention. 5. Choice D is incorrect as ondansetron is effective for controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.