ATI LPN
Questions on the Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
In the accompanying figure, what is the nurse assessing via percussion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse in the photo is using indirect percussion to determine the presence or absence of costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness, which suggests pyelonephritis or polycystic kidney disease. The liver size would be percussed from the anterior direction with the patient positioned supine. Chest stability and excursion are determined by palpating and observing for symmetry of expansion. Pulmonary tissue density would be determined by tapping the interphalangeal joint over the lung fields and listening for resonance.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. Which diagnostic test result would most support this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A normal 24-hour creatinine clearance of 100 mL/min is the most accurate test for renal function.
Question 3 of 5
A geriatric nurse is performing an assessment of body systems on an 85-year-old patient. The nurse should be aware of what age-related change affecting the renal or urinary system?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aging decreases GFR (D) due to reduced glomerular surface area, a key renal change. Urine concentration (A) and bladder capacity (B) decrease, and incontinence (C) isn't normal but common, making D the primary age-related change.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has experienced excessive losses of bicarbonate and has subsequently developed an acid-base imbalance. How will this lost bicarbonate be replaced?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal tubular cells generate and reabsorb new bicarbonate (D) to replace losses, correcting acidosis. Acid excretion (A) compensates but doesn't replace, and adrenals (B) or lungs (C) don't synthesize it, making D the mechanism.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with panic disorder is learning coping strategies. Which technique should the nurse teach to manage acute panic attacks?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Deep breathing helps reduce hyperventilation and anxiety during panic attacks.