ATI LPN
Fluid Balance and Nutrition Questions
Question 1 of 5
In renal compensation of acidosis,
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kidneys increase H⁺ excretion and HCO₃⁻ reabsorption to buffer acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
Azetazolamide (Diamox) is a diuretic. It functions by blocking the activity of carbonic anhydrase inside kidney tubule cells. This slows the formation of carbonic acid. By slowing the formation of hydrogen ions in the cells of the tubule, sodium reabsorption is also slowed. This results in the diuretic effect. Select from the following list the possible side-effects of Azetazolamide: 1. acidosis, 2. reduced movement of bicarbonate ion into the plasma, 3. an alkaline urine is produced, 4. respiration increases
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Azetazolamide causes acidosis (less H⁺ formation), reduced HCO₃⁻ reabsorption, alkaline urine, and increased respiration.
Question 3 of 5
The largest compartment of body fluids is the compartment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The intracellular compartment is the largest, holding about 60% of body water.
Question 4 of 5
Aldosterone can stimulate the secretion of hydrogen ions by the kidney. Predict the consequences of increased aldosterone secretion on body fluid pH.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone hypersecretion will result in an increase in body fluid pH, as the number of hydrogen ions excreted by the body will increase.
Question 5 of 5
A loss of which type of body secretion is most likely to result in hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intestinal loss (e.g., diarrhea) depletes potassium, causing hypokalemia.