In palpating the client's breast, Which of the following position is necessary for the patient to assume before the start of the procedure?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Supine position flat, arms up e.g., spreads breast tissue for palpation, unlike dorsal recumbent (knees bent), sitting (gravity), or lithotomy (pelvic). Nurses use this e.g., in cancer screening for thorough, systematic checks, per breast exam standards.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy (1940s) outlines universal needs physiological to self-actualization but isn't rigid e.g., skipping food for safety. Needs are common (air), internally driven (hunger), and externally triggered (stress). Nurses prioritize flexibly e.g., addressing fear over nutrition in crisis per patient context, not strict order.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Convection loses heat via air movement e.g., a fan cools a feverish patient. Conduction (contact), radiation (infrared), and evaporation (sweat) differ. Nurses apply this e.g., adjusting airflow to manage hyperthermia, per thermoregulation principles.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Darkening the room aids ophthalmoscopy e.g., pupil dilation for retina unlike bright light (constricts). Draping (privacy), warming (nonsense) differ. Nurses prepare e.g., dim for clarity, per protocols.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Urine specific gravity is 1.010-1.030 e.g., reflects hydration per norms. Lower (dilute), higher (concentrated) differ. Nurses measure e.g., refractometer for kidney function, per diagnostics.