In hypocalcemia,

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

In hypocalcemia,

A. depolarization is prevented B. PTH production is reduced C. blood calcium levels are increased D. neuromuscular excitability increases

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Low calcium increases membrane permeability to sodium, heightening excitability.

Which of the following is an example of water conservation by the body?

A. diarrhea B. perspiration C. decreased water intake D. decreased urine volume

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Decreased urine volume, via ADH, conserves water.

Chemicals that function to minimize changes in the pH of body fluids are called

A. buffers B. inhibitors C. accelerators D. activators

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Buffers resist pH changes by binding or releasing hydrogen ions.

Mr. I.M.A. Wreck's plasma pH is 7.2. Which of the following indicates that the body is attempting to compensate and return the body pH to normal?

A. an increase in respiration rate B. a decrease in respiration rate C. no change in respiration rate D. None of the above

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increased respiration blows off CO₂ reducing H⁺ to correct acidosis.

A falling blood pH and a rising concentration of carbon dioxide due to emphysema, indicate

A. metabolic acidosis B. metabolic alkalosis C. respiratory acidosis D. respiratory alkalosis

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Emphysema impairs CO₂ excretion, causing respiratory acidosis.

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