ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
In acute lymphatic leukaemia:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because acute lymphatic leukaemia specifically involves the overproduction of abnormal lymphocytes in the bone marrow. This leads to a decrease in normal blood cell production. Choice B is incorrect because leukaemia primarily affects the production of specific types of white blood cells, not all types. Choice C is incorrect because acute lymphatic leukaemia involves abnormal lymphocytes, not specifically B lymphocytes. Choice D is incorrect because not all types of white blood cells are affected in acute lymphatic leukaemia.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-year-old-child has been admitted with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. The nurse should expect to see which of the following lab results for this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Serum hemoglobin 7.7 g/dL. In sickle cell anemia, there is a decreased hemoglobin level due to the abnormal sickle-shaped red blood cells. This results in anemia. A low serum hemoglobin level is a characteristic finding in sickle cell anemia. A: Serum glucose level is not directly related to sickle cell anemia. B: Serum creatinine level is not typically affected by sickle cell anemia. C: Serum leukocytes level with a predominance of lymphocytes is not specific to sickle cell anemia. In summary, the correct lab result for a child with sickle cell anemia would be a low serum hemoglobin level, as it is a direct reflection of the anemia associated with the condition.
Question 3 of 5
The pediatric nurse understands that the most common cancer found in children is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute lymphocytic leukemia. This type of leukemia is the most common cancer in children, accounting for about 25% of all childhood cancers. It originates in the bone marrow and affects the production of white blood cells. Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma (choice A) is also a common childhood cancer, but it primarily affects lymph nodes. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (choice C) is rare in children and more common in adults. Ewing’s sarcoma (choice D) is a type of bone cancer that is more prevalent in adolescents and young adults, not typically in younger children.
Question 4 of 5
A child with meningococcemia is being admitted to the pediatric intensive-care unit. Which room assignment is the most appropriate for this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Private room, in respiratory isolation. This is because meningococcemia is spread through respiratory droplets. Placing the child in a private room with respiratory isolation measures helps prevent the spread of the disease to other patients and healthcare workers. Choice A (Semiprivate room) is incorrect as it does not provide sufficient isolation to prevent transmission. Choice B (Private room, but not in isolation) is incorrect because meningococcemia requires isolation precautions due to its mode of transmission. Choice C (Private room, in protective isolation) is incorrect as protective isolation is typically used for patients with compromised immune systems, not for meningococcemia which requires respiratory isolation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has a Wilms’ tumor. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Preparation for surgery. Surgery is the primary treatment for Wilms' tumor in children. The rationale includes removing the tumor and affected kidney to prevent spread. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Abdominal palpation can cause tumor rupture. C: Teaching about dialysis is not typically needed for Wilms' tumor. D: Obtaining a 24-hr urine specimen is not a priority in the immediate care plan.