ATI LPN
Upper Gastrointestinal System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
In a patient admitted with acute coronary syndrome, which of the following variables at admission contributes to estimating the risk of death or recurrent myocardial in the GRACE score?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The GRACE score includes variables like age, heart rate, systolic BP, creatinine, cardiac arrest, ST-segment deviation, and troponin, but not explicitly these options; however, oxygen saturation can indirectly reflect severity, making C the most relevant.
Question 2 of 9
A 56-year-old white male complains of intermittent dysphagia for the past three months, particularly with the ingestion of meat. He has no difficulties swallowing liquids. He has no history of smoking, uses no medications, and has had no weight loss. What test would be best to evaluate him?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dysphagia should almost always first be evaluated by barium swallow. The patient's presentation is classic for a Schatzki's ring (congenital web at the GE junction). The diagnosis is best made by barium study because Schatzki's rings cannot always be visualized by endoscopy. CT scan and esophageal manometry cannot detect Schatzki's rings. Schatzki's rings are easily disrupted by bougie dilatation, and usually no further therapy is needed.
Question 3 of 9
False-negative direct urease tests for Helicobacter pylori are: ( Select one that does not apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After proton pump inhibitor and antibiotic therapy it is best to wait a month before repeat endoscopy for gastric biopsy and urease testing. The same is true of the urea breath test which is a convenient noninvasive alternative. A urease test at the time of haematemesis will usually be negative. Even after definite eradication of Helicobacter pylori, serology will remain positive for months. ELISA testing would confirm a true positive urease test.
Question 4 of 9
The principal function for intestinal goblet cells is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Goblet cells secrete mucus for lubrication and protection.
Question 5 of 9
Peristalsis may refer to the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction moving food through the esophagus, making D correct.
Question 6 of 9
The main function of the human digestive system is to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The digestive system processes organic molecules (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) into smaller units that can be absorbed and enter cells for energy, growth, or repair. Waste removal is excretory. Glucose breakdown occurs in cells, not digestion. Amino acid conversion is synthetic, not digestive.
Question 7 of 9
A client with acute gastritis is likely to present with which of the following symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute gastritis typically presents with nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain, often exacerbated by eating, due to irritation of the stomach lining. Black, tarry stools suggest upper GI bleeding, which may complicate gastritis but isn't a primary symptom. Severe weight loss and diarrhea are more indicative of chronic conditions like malignancy or malabsorption. Difficulty swallowing and cough relate more to esophageal issues like GERD.
Question 8 of 9
Contractile epithelial cells which, under autonomic neural control, help expel product from glandular acini and ducts are called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Myoepithelial cells contract to aid secretion.
Question 9 of 9
Where does the chemical digestion of protein occur?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Protein digestion occurs in the stomach (pepsin) and small intestine (trypsin), making B correct.