ATI LPN
Nursing Fundamentals Exam for LPN Questions
Question 1 of 5
In a CLOSED system, which of the following is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A closed system, per systems theory, is isolated e.g., a candle dies under glass from no oxygen. Unlike open systems (Roy's humans), it blocks matter, energy, or information, a 'sole island.' Nurses contrast this with patients' open-system needs, like environmental adjustments, per theoretical models.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following completely describes PULSUS PARADOXICUS?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulsus paradoxus is an exaggerated systolic drop (>10 mmHg) on inspiration e.g., pericardial effusion due to heart compression. Increase (opposite), positional pulse (unrelated) differ. Nurses detect this e.g., sphygmomanometer for emergencies, per pathophysiology.
Question 3 of 5
In assessing the abdomen, which of the following is the correct sequence of the physical assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abdominal assessment follows inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation e.g., look, listen (bowel), tap, feel to avoid sound alteration. Other sequences disrupt. Nurses adhere e.g., pre-surgery for accuracy, per standards.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is aware that the approximate normal volume of urine produced by an adult per day is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adults produce ~1500 ml urine daily e.g., 1-2 liters per kidney function. Less (800-1000) or more (2000) vary. Nurses monitor e.g., output for health, per norms.
Question 5 of 5
The adrenal glands are located
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenals sit atop kidneys e.g., suprarenal unlike neck, below, beside pancreas. Nurses locate e.g., anatomy for function, per standards.