ATI LPN
Fluid Balance and Nutrition Questions
Question 1 of 5
If the hydrogen ion concentration in the blood increases, bicarbonate ions act as buffers by
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bicarbonate binds excess H⁺, forming carbonic acid to stabilize pH.
Question 2 of 5
Ingesting large amounts of sodium bicarbonate can lead to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excess bicarbonate raises pH, causing metabolic alkalosis.
Question 3 of 5
Azetazolamide (Diamox) is a diuretic. It functions by blocking the activity of carbonic anhydrase inside kidney tubule cells. This slows the formation of carbonic acid. By slowing the formation of hydrogen ions in the cells of the tubule, sodium reabsorption is also slowed. This results in the diuretic effect. Select from the following list the possible side-effects of Azetazolamide: 1. acidosis, 2. reduced movement of bicarbonate ion into the plasma, 3. an alkaline urine is produced, 4. respiration increases
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Azetazolamide causes acidosis (less H⁺ formation), reduced HCO₃⁻ reabsorption, alkaline urine, and increased respiration.
Question 4 of 5
The largest compartment of body fluids is the compartment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The intracellular compartment is the largest, holding about 60% of body water.
Question 5 of 5
Aldosterone can stimulate the secretion of hydrogen ions by the kidney. Predict the consequences of increased aldosterone secretion on body fluid pH.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone hypersecretion will result in an increase in body fluid pH, as the number of hydrogen ions excreted by the body will increase.