If the client is female, and the doctor is a male and the patient is about to undergo a vaginal and cervical examination, why is it necessary to have a female nurse in attendance?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A female nurse ensures ethics e.g., chaperoning prevents misconduct in a male doctor's vaginal exam. Safety, assistance, monitoring are secondary. Nurses uphold e.g., comfort for standards, per guidelines.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When caring for a client in the end stage of cancer, the nurse plays a pivotal role in supporting both the client and their family through a holistic approach that enhances coping mechanisms. Assisting with activities of daily living helps maintain the client's comfort and dignity, addressing physical needs that may be compromised due to disease progression. Referring the client and family to hospice services is equally vital, as it provides specialized support tailored to end-of-life care, including pain management, emotional counseling, and practical assistance in various settings like homes or facilities. This referral empowers the family to remain involved while accessing expert resources, fostering resilience and preparedness for the client's passing. Conversely, encouraging the family to leave or telling them there's nothing they can do undermines their emotional needs and sense of agency, potentially intensifying grief and hopelessness. Effective coping is facilitated by maximizing the client's strengths, offering education, and integrating community support systems, ensuring the family feels supported rather than sidelined during this critical time.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Evidence-based practice (EBP) follows a systematic process to integrate research into care, with evaluating practice change as the final step. It begins with formulating a clinical question to identify the issue, followed by searching and appraising the literature to gather and assess evidence. Implementing the change comes next, but evaluation critically appraising the change's impact, like improved patient outcomes or cost-effectiveness completes the cycle. This step ensures the intervention works in practice, not just theory, by analyzing data like recovery rates or patient feedback. It's a reflective process, allowing nurses to refine or discard changes, ensuring EBP remains dynamic and patient-focused. This closure distinguishes EBP from mere research application, embedding continuous improvement into nursing practice for sustained quality and safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Healthy People 2030 sets national goals to improve health equity and outcomes, including increasing health insurance access to reduce disparities, a measurable target tied to better care utilization. Decreasing new cancer diagnoses aims to lower chronic disease rates through prevention, like screening or lifestyle changes. Boosting medical degrees among underrepresented groups enhances workforce diversity, addressing cultural competence needs. Improving hearing and visual health via education prevents disability progression. Building disability-specific facilities isn't a goal; rather, it's about enhancing existing access. These objectives insurance, cancer reduction, diversity tackle root causes of inequity, aligning with nursing's advocacy for accessible, preventive care, impacting clients broadly by 2030.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a dying client expresses unfinished business, promoting health means supporting emotional and spiritual peace, not physical longevity. Asking what remains undone maybe reconciling with a loved one or recording memories and planning to address it empowers the client, reducing distress and fostering closure. This aligns with nursing's holistic focus, prioritizing psychological well-being at life's end over false cures. Reassuring without action dismisses their fears, while life-prolonging strategies ignore the terminal reality, potentially increasing frustration. Calling family hastily might overwhelm, not directly tackling the client's needs. By facilitating resolution like arranging a call to a estranged child the nurse promotes dignity and acceptance, key to health in dying, ensuring the client's final moments reflect their values, not just physical care.