ATI LPN
Medical Surgical Endocrine Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
If ______ is lacking in the diet, the thyroid gland enlarges, producing a goiter.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iodine deficiency causes thyroid enlargement (goiter) due to impaired hormone synthesis.
Question 2 of 5
There is/are ______ type(s) of diabetes mellitus.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: There are two main types: Type I (insulin-dependent) and Type II (non-insulin-dependent).
Question 3 of 5
The _________ produces the hormone melatonin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pineal gland secretes melatonin to regulate sleep.
Question 4 of 5
What laboratory findings would the nurse expect to find in Mr. Manning before surgery?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperparathyroidism increases serum calcium and urinary phosphate excretion due to PTH-driven bone resorption and renal effects.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following hormones acts on its target tissues by a steroid hormone mechanism of action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thyroid hormone, an amine, acts on its target tissues by a steroid hormone mechanism, inducing the synthesis of new proteins. The action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the collecting duct (V2 receptors) is mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), although the other action of ADH (vascular smooth muscle, V1 receptors) is mediated by inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3). Parathyroid hormone (PTH), β 1 agonists, and glucagon all act through cAMP mechanisms of action.