ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Human immunodeficiency virus about how the virus is transmitted- statements include in teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: B is correct because HIV can be transmitted through contact with infected blood, with the highest concentration of the virus found in blood. Other body fluids like sputum, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and semen can also contain the virus. Incorrect Choices: A is incorrect as HIV is not necessarily transmitted when symptoms manifest or during the asymptomatic period. C is incorrect as HIV can be transmitted through various routes, not just sexual contact. D is incorrect as HIV is not transmitted through airborne means.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing blood results for an HIV patient. The nurse knows that the patient is at stage 2 when the CD4 count is at what level?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (250 cells/μL). At stage 2 of HIV infection, the CD4 count typically ranges from 200 to 499 cells/μL. This means a CD4 count of 250 cells/μL falls within this range, indicating the patient is at stage 2. Choice A (534 cells/μL) is incorrect as it is above the range for stage 2. Choice B (601 cells/μL) is also incorrect as it is above the range for stage 2. Choice C (100 cells/μL) is incorrect as it falls below the range for stage 2. Thus, the correct answer is D based on the CD4 count range associated with stage 2 of HIV infection.
Question 3 of 5
In acute lymphatic leukaemia:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because acute lymphatic leukaemia specifically involves the overproduction of abnormal lymphocytes in the bone marrow. This leads to a decrease in normal blood cell production. Choice B is incorrect because leukaemia primarily affects the production of specific types of white blood cells, not all types. Choice C is incorrect because acute lymphatic leukaemia involves abnormal lymphocytes, not specifically B lymphocytes. Choice D is incorrect because not all types of white blood cells are affected in acute lymphatic leukaemia.
Question 4 of 5
People with irritable bowel syndrome for longer than 10 years:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: None of the above. People with irritable bowel syndrome do not necessarily need a hemicolectomy, as it is usually not a treatment option for IBS. There is no direct link between IBS and cancer, so the statement in option B is incorrect. IBS does not affect fertility, so option C is also incorrect. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is D as none of the statements provided are true for individuals with irritable bowel syndrome.
Question 5 of 5
A 4-year-old-child has been admitted with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. The nurse should expect to see which of the following lab results for this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Serum hemoglobin 7.7 g/dL. In sickle cell anemia, there is a decreased hemoglobin level due to the abnormal sickle-shaped red blood cells. This results in anemia. A low serum hemoglobin level is a characteristic finding in sickle cell anemia. A: Serum glucose level is not directly related to sickle cell anemia. B: Serum creatinine level is not typically affected by sickle cell anemia. C: Serum leukocytes level with a predominance of lymphocytes is not specific to sickle cell anemia. In summary, the correct lab result for a child with sickle cell anemia would be a low serum hemoglobin level, as it is a direct reflection of the anemia associated with the condition.