ATI LPN
Urinary System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
How does duration of treatment for a UTI differ with gender? How long is treatment duration in pregnancy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Women need 3 days, men and pregnant women need 7 days for UTI treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A client is receiving a combination chemotherapy for treatment of metastatic carcinoma. When monitoring the client for systemic side effects, which assessment finding warrants intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leukopenia warrants intervention in a client on chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoma. Chemotherapy suppresses bone marrow, reducing white blood cells (WBCs) and increasing infection risk, a life-threatening side effect requiring immediate action (e.g., antibiotics, isolation). Polycythemia (high RBCs) isn't typical, nystagmus relates to neurotoxicity, and ascites reflects disease progression, but leukopenia's acute danger to immunity makes it the priority finding for nurse intervention.
Question 3 of 5
Specify one factor affecting sodium reabsorption.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone is a key factor affecting sodium reabsorption. This hormone, released from the adrenal cortex, acts on principal cells in the collecting duct and distal tubule, increasing Naâº/Kâº-ATPase and epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity. This enhances Na⺠reabsorption, retaining salt and water to raise blood volume and pressure. While GFR, estrogens, and natriuretic hormone also influence Na⺠handling, aldosterone's direct and potent effect makes it a standout choice, thus B is correct.
Question 4 of 5
When you're in formal situation and you can't go to bathroom, but your bladder is full, what will happen?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When delaying urination despite a full bladder, the brain inhibits the micturition reflex by activating somatic control via the pudendal nerve, which maintains external urethral sphincter contraction. The pelvic nerve (parasympathetic) drives detrusor contraction, hypogastric nerve (sympathetic) relaxes it, but pudendal inhibition prevents voiding, making B correct.
Question 5 of 5
The hypothalamic thirst center is stimulated by:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The hypothalamic thirst center is activated by significant triggers: a 10-15% drop in plasma volume (hypovolemia) or a 1-2% rise in plasma osmolality (hyperosmolality), detected by osmoreceptors and baroreceptors. These thresholds prompt thirst to restore fluid balance. Smaller changes (B) are insufficient, and C and D are outcomes, not stimuli, making A correct.