How can a nurse prevent aspiration during feeding an unconscious patient?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Positioning an unconscious patient upright and elevated during feeding prevents aspiration by aligning the esophagus for gravity-assisted swallowing, reducing the chance of food entering the airway. Large amounts at once overwhelm reflexes, heightening risk. Feeding while flat allows reflux into the lungs, a common aspiration cause. Rushing increases errors and choking hazards. Nurses use this position often 30-45 degrees to mimic natural eating posture, safeguarding respiratory health in patients lacking protective cough reflexes, a critical care priority.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Providing clear instructions and demonstrating movements empowers a patient with impaired mobility to perform range-of-motion exercises independently, fostering autonomy while ensuring correct technique to maintain joint health. Doing it for them undermines self-reliance it's passive, not active, care. Limiting to once daily risks stiffness; frequency depends on ability. Discouraging exercises halts progress and morale. Nurses model motions, offer feedback, and adjust as needed, promoting independence safely, a balance of guidance and empowerment critical for rehabilitation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Creating a quiet and calm environment at night promotes comfort and sleep by minimizing noise and stress, aligning with the body's circadian rhythm for restful recovery. Constant light disrupts sleep cycles, causing agitation. Daytime napping may fragment nighttime rest, not enhance it. Limiting communication isolates, not comforts gentle interaction can soothe. Nurses dim lights, reduce chatter, and manage interruptions, crafting a hospital setting conducive to healing sleep, vital for physical and emotional well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Soft restraints promote comfort and prevent skin irritation by using padded materials to limit movement safely, protecting patients at risk of self-harm or falls without causing abrasions. Punishment is unethical restraints are protective, not punitive. Restricting movement is the mechanism, not the purpose; comfort is the goal within that. Encouraging movement contradicts their use they're for safety. Nurses apply them snugly but gently, monitoring skin and adjusting, ensuring minimal discomfort while meeting safety needs, per care standards.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Providing assistive devices like glasses and magnifiers enhances comfort and safety for a visually impaired patient by improving sight, reducing strain, and aiding navigation. Lights off obscure hazards, risking falls soft lighting helps. Frequent rearrangement disorients, increasing danger. Avoiding communication isolates, not comforts verbal cues assist. Nurses ensure devices fit and guide verbally, boosting independence and security, a tailored approach to sensory support in daily care.