How can a nurse assist a patient with limited mobility to perform oral care?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Using a swab to clean the mouth assists a mobility-limited patient by providing gentle, effective oral care tailored to their physical constraints, preventing decay or infection. Doing it entirely for them may work but reduces autonomy unnecessarily. Leaving with tools assumes ability they may lack, risking neglect. Avoiding care invites complications discomfort stems from poor hygiene, not care itself. Nurses swab gently, often with solutions, supporting independence where possible, a practical hygiene solution for dependent patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Holistic care addresses physical (e.g., pain), emotional (e.g., mood), social (e.g., relationships), intellectual (e.g., stimulation), and spiritual (e.g., beliefs) aspects, ensuring whole-person well-being. Free choice and independence are principles, not components. Career and money are narrow, missing broader needs. Family and religion are subsets, not the full model. Health care aides adopt this approach e.g., aiding mobility (physical) while chatting (social) to meet diverse needs, enhancing quality of life beyond mere tasks, a comprehensive care philosophy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A substitute decision maker legally consents for an incapable person, unlike consenter (B, not a term), assaulter (C, irrelevant), or executor (D, for estates). PSWs interact with them when clients can't decide e.g., dementia cases ensuring care aligns with the client's best interests. Misidentifying this role could delay decisions or misapply authority, compromising care. Recognizing this authority ensures PSWs respect legal proxies, facilitating timely interventions like treatment approval, a critical link in client advocacy and ethical practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging self-care when able boosts self-esteem per Maslow, unlike preempting needs , doing everything , or outsourcing to family , which diminish autonomy. PSWs foster confidence e.g., aiding a client to dress alone enhancing worth. Over-assisting risks dependence, lowering esteem. This balance empowers clients, aligning with PSW goals to promote independence and dignity, a key to emotional health in care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Activities of daily living include bathing, grooming, and elimination routine self-care tasks unlike cognitive functions (A, mental processes), communication skills (B, interaction), or high-level needs (D, abstract goals). PSWs assist with ADLs to maintain client independence and hygiene, critical for health and dignity. Misclassifying these risks neglecting basic care; ADLs aren't cognitive or advanced needs but foundational. For example, helping a client bathe ensures cleanliness and prevents infection, a core PSW duty. This distinction aligns with care plans, prioritizing physical support over mental or aspirational tasks, ensuring clients' daily needs are met systematically, a practical focus in their training.