How can a nurse assist a patient with dysphagia during mealtime?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Offering thin liquids facilitates swallowing for dysphagia patients by reducing the effort needed to move fluid through the throat, though thickness may vary per assessment (e.g., thickened liquids for some). Large portions overwhelm, increasing choking risk. Variety stimulates taste but doesn't address swallowing mechanics. Rapid eating heightens aspiration danger, fatiguing the patient further. Nurses tailor fluid consistency and pace to the patient's swallow ability, often collaborating with speech therapists, ensuring safe nutrition and hydration critical for this condition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Engaging the patient in discussions about cultural practices allows the nurse to tailor hygiene care e.g., hair washing or modesty to their beliefs, maintaining dignity and compliance. Discouraging practices alienates, reducing trust. Disregarding preferences risks offense and discomfort. Avoiding care entirely neglects health needs, not respect. Nurses ask questions, adapt techniques (like using a headscarf), and ensure hygiene aligns with values, blending clinical necessity with cultural sensitivity for effective, respectful care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Assessing readiness and strength before assisting a patient to stand ensures safety by confirming they can bear weight or need support, preventing falls or strain. Telling them to stand alone risks injury if they're unsteady. Starting exercises skips this vital check preparation precedes action. Medicating after standing delays pain relief needed for the task. Nurses evaluate balance, pain, and vitals, customizing assistance, a proactive step to secure a smooth, safe transition from bed to standing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Monitoring frequently and releasing restraints as soon as possible ensures proper use by minimizing risk (e.g., circulation issues) and duration, aligning with safety and ethical standards. Punishment is illegal restraints protect, not discipline. Wrist-only application ignores full needs; type varies by situation. Overtightening harms, not helps fit must be secure yet safe. Nurses check skin, adjust as needed, and document, balancing protection with dignity, a regulated practice to prevent harm and overuse.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A urinal collects urine (and potentially feces in broader terms, though typically urine-focused) for a bedbound male patient, maintaining hygiene and convenience without requiring movement. Comfortable seating isn't its role it's a handheld device. Leg elevation uses pillows, not urinals. Encouraging mobility doesn't apply; it's for immobility. Nurses assist with placement, ensuring spill-free use, a practical solution for elimination needs in confined conditions, supporting dignity and cleanliness.