Hemolysis after sulfonamides, Hb drop. Cause?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, G6PD deficiency. Sulfonamides can induce oxidative stress, leading to hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency due to impaired red blood cell protection against oxidative damage. Sickle cell disease (A), thalassemia minor (B), and hereditary spherocytosis (C) do not predispose individuals to sulfonamide-induced hemolysis as they do not involve oxidative stress as a primary pathophysiological mechanism.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Unintact skin. Intact skin serves as a physical barrier protecting the body from pathogens. When the skin is not intact (broken or wounded), it loses its protective function, making it unable to effectively protect body surfaces. Therefore, unintact skin does not protect body surfaces. A: Mucus helps trap and remove pathogens from the respiratory and digestive systems. C: Gastric acid kills ingested pathogens in the stomach. D: Epithelial surface cilia help move mucus and trapped pathogens out of the respiratory system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Malaria. Autoimmune diseases are conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells. Malaria, on the other hand, is caused by a parasite transmitted through mosquito bites and does not involve the immune system attacking the body. Pernicious anemia, Grave's disease, and Hashimoto's disease are all autoimmune diseases where the immune system targets specific tissues or organs in the body. Therefore, A is the correct answer as it does not fit the definition of an autoimmune disease, unlike the other choices.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess fears and coping mechanisms. This is the best action because it allows the healthcare provider to understand the specific anxieties the client has about the bone marrow biopsy. By assessing fears and coping mechanisms, the healthcare provider can tailor their approach to provide appropriate support and information. Reassuring it's a common test (B) may not address the client's specific fears. Sedating prior to the procedure (C) may not be necessary if the client's anxiety can be adequately managed through other means. Telling the client they'll be asleep (D) may not address the underlying anxieties and may lead to false expectations.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thorough and consistent hand hygiene. This is essential to prevent the transmission of microorganisms between the client and healthcare providers. Hand hygiene is the most effective measure to reduce the risk of infection in healthcare settings. IVIG (A) is not directly related to infection control. Antibiotic administration (B) is important in treating infections but does not prevent transmission. While appropriate use of gloves and goggles (C) is important, it is not as critical as hand hygiene in preventing infections.