ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
He proposed the theory of morality that is based on MUTUAL TRUST
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lawrence Kohlberg's moral development theory (1950s) hinges on mutual trust e.g., fairness learned through reciprocal bonds. Freud's psychoanalysis, Erikson's stages, and Peters' principles differ. Kohlberg's stages premoral (obedience), conventional (norms), post-conventional (ethics) explain moral growth, influencing nursing ethics on trust-based patient care, like respecting autonomy in decisions.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is TRUE about temperature?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Temperature peaks late day (8 PM-midnight) e.g., circadian rise while lowest is early morning (not noon). Thyroxin raises temp, and elderly risk hypothermia (not hyperthermia) from poor regulation. Nurses monitor this e.g., fever trends per physiological norms.
Question 3 of 5
If the client is female, and the doctor is a male and the patient is about to undergo a vaginal and cervical examination, why is it necessary to have a female nurse in attendance?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A female nurse ensures ethics e.g., chaperoning prevents misconduct in a male doctor's vaginal exam. Safety, assistance, monitoring are secondary. Nurses uphold e.g., comfort for standards, per guidelines.
Question 4 of 5
The client underwent a colon surgery yesterday, and just started on ice chips today, Which of the following assessment findings demonstrates a need for nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Absence of bowel sounds post-colon surgery e.g., ileus needs intervention (e.g., notify MD), unlike hypoactive (returning), mixed, or hyperactive (normalizing). Nurses assess e.g., auscultation for complications, per post-op care.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is performing care for a client in the end stage of cancer. How can the nurse best facilitate the client and family's ability to cope?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When caring for a client in the end stage of cancer, the nurse plays a pivotal role in supporting both the client and their family through a holistic approach that enhances coping mechanisms. Assisting with activities of daily living helps maintain the client's comfort and dignity, addressing physical needs that may be compromised due to disease progression. Referring the client and family to hospice services is equally vital, as it provides specialized support tailored to end-of-life care, including pain management, emotional counseling, and practical assistance in various settings like homes or facilities. This referral empowers the family to remain involved while accessing expert resources, fostering resilience and preparedness for the client's passing. Conversely, encouraging the family to leave or telling them there's nothing they can do undermines their emotional needs and sense of agency, potentially intensifying grief and hopelessness. Effective coping is facilitated by maximizing the client's strengths, offering education, and integrating community support systems, ensuring the family feels supported rather than sidelined during this critical time.