ATI LPN
Urinary System MCQ Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Granular (juxtaglomerular cells) secrete ___ when there is a fall in ___ ion concentration.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin (D) when sodium falls in the distal tubule, detected by the macula densa, activating RAAS. Chloride (A) is secondary, carbonic anhydrase (B) and ATPase (C) are unrelated, making D the trigger.
Question 2 of 5
A patient returns to the clinic with recurrent dysuria after being treated with trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) for 3 days. Which action will the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Persistent dysuria after 3 days of Bactrim suggests treatment failure, requiring a urine culture and sensitivity (B) to identify the pathogen and adjust antibiotics. Fluid intake should be higher (1800 mL/day, not 1000 mL, A), extending Bactrim (C) assumes efficacy, and Tylenol (D) is less effective than urinary analgesics like Pyridium, making B the priority action.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who has bladder cancer had a cystectomy with creation of an Indiana pouch. Which topic will be included in patient teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Indiana pouch requires self-catheterization every 4-6 hours (B), a key teaching point. No ostomy appliance (A) or barrier (D) is needed, and catheterization isn't painful (C), making B the focus.
Question 4 of 5
A young adult employed as a hair stylist who has a 15 pack-year history of cigarette smoking arrives for an annual physical examination. Which area of increased risk should the nurse plan to teach the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exposure to the chemicals involved with working as a hair stylist and in smoking both increase the risk of bladder cancer, and the nurse should assess whether the patient understands this risk. The patient is not at increased risk for renal failure, pyclonephritis, or kidney stones.
Question 5 of 5
Which structure is the capillary network in each nephron?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The glomerulus (A) is the capillary network in the nephron, filtering blood from the afferent arteriole into the efferent arteriole. Corpuscles (B) is a broader term, renal tubules (C) reabsorb and secrete, and Bowman's capsule (D) encases the glomerulus, making A the precise answer.